naa a22 4500 510780571 CHVBK 20180411083245.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11692-012-9209-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11692-012-9209-0 Transgressive Hybrids as Hopeful Monsters [Elektronische Daten] [Dylan Dittrich-Reed, Benjamin Fitzpatrick] The origin of novelty is a critical subject for evolutionary biologists. Early geneticists speculated about the sudden appearance of new species via special macromutations, epitomized by Goldschmidt's infamous "hopeful monster”. Although these ideas were easily dismissed by the insights of the Modern Synthesis, a lingering fascination with the possibility of sudden, dramatic change has persisted. Recent work on hybridization and gene exchange suggests an underappreciated mechanism for the sudden appearance of evolutionary novelty that is entirely consistent with the principles of modern population genetics. Genetic recombination in hybrids can produce transgressive phenotypes, "monstrous” phenotypes beyond the range of parental populations. Transgressive phenotypes can be products of epistatic interactions or additive effects of multiple recombined loci. We compare several epistatic and additive models of transgressive segregation in hybrids and find that they are special cases of a general, classic quantitative genetic model. The Dobzhansky-Muller model predicts "hopeless” monsters, sterile and inviable transgressive phenotypes. The Bateson model predicts "hopeful” monsters with fitness greater than either parental population. The complementation model predicts both. Transgressive segregation after hybridization can rapidly produce novel phenotypes by recombining multiple loci simultaneously. Admixed populations will also produce many similar recombinant phenotypes at the same time, increasing the probability that recombinant "hopeful monsters” will establish true-breeding evolutionary lineages. Recombination is not the only (or even most common) process generating evolutionary novelty, but might be the most credible mechanism for sudden appearance of new forms. The Author(s), 2012 Hopeful monster nationallicence Transgressive segregation nationallicence Hybrid speciation nationallicence Phenotypic novelty nationallicence Dittrich-Reed Dylan University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA aut Fitzpatrick Benjamin University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA aut Evolutionary Biology Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 40/2(2013-06-01), 310-315 0071-3260 40:2<310 2013 40 11692 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-012-9209-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11692-012-9209-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Dittrich-Reed Dylan University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Fitzpatrick Benjamin University of Tennessee, 569 Dabney Hall, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Evolutionary Biology Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 40/2(2013-06-01), 310-315 0071-3260 40:2<310 2013 40 11692 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer