naa a22 4500 51078738X CHVBK 20180411083307.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20131201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s12041-013-0296-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s12041-013-0296-1 Effective population size and evolutionary dynamics in outbred laboratory populations of Drosophila [Elektronische Daten] [LAURENCE MUELLER, AMITABH JOSHI, MARTA SANTOS, MICHAEL ROSE] Census population size, sex-ratio and female reproductive success were monitored in 10 laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster selected for different ages of reproduction. With this demographic information, we estimated eigenvalue, variance and probability of allele loss effective population sizes. We conclude that estimates of effective size based on gene-frequency change at a few loci are biased downwards. We analysed the relative roles of selection and genetic drift in maintaining genetic variation in laboratory populations of Drosophila. We suggest that rare, favourable genetic variants in our laboratory populations have a high chance of being lost if their fitness effect is weak, e.g. 1% or less. However, if the fitness effect of this variation is 10% or greater, these rare variants are likely to increase to high frequency. The demographic information developed in this study suggests that some of our laboratory populations harbour more genetic variation than expected. One explanation for this finding is that part of the genetic variation in these outbred laboratory Drosophila populations may be maintained by some form of balancing selection. We suggest that, unlike bacteria, medium-term adaptation of laboratory populations of fruit flies is not primarily driven by new mutations, but rather by changes in the frequency of preexisting alleles. Indian Academy of Sciences, 2013 genetic drift nationallicence balancing selection nationallicence soft sweep nationallicence experimental evolution nationallicence MUELLER LAURENCE Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA aut JOSHI AMITABH Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA aut SANTOS MARTA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA aut ROSE MICHAEL Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA aut Journal of Genetics Springer India 92/3(2013-12-01), 349-361 0022-1333 92:3<349 2013 92 12041 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-013-0296-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-013-0296-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- MUELLER LAURENCE Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- JOSHI AMITABH Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- SANTOS MARTA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- ROSE MICHAEL Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Genetics Springer India 92/3(2013-12-01), 349-361 0022-1333 92:3<349 2013 92 12041 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer