naa a22 4500 51078965X CHVBK 20180411083315.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11406-012-9385-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11406-012-9385-2 Brice Robert Department of Philosophy, Loyola University New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA aut Mistakes and Mental Disturbances: Pleasants, Wittgenstein, and Basic Moral Certainty [Elektronische Daten] [Robert Brice] In his article, "Wittgenstein and Basic Moral Certainty,” Nigel Pleasants argues that killing an innocent, non-threatening person is wrong. It is, he argues, "a basic moral certainty.” He believes our basic moral certainties play the "same kind of foundational role as [our] basic empirical certaint[ies] do.” I believe this is mistaken. There is not "simply one kind of foundational role” that certainty plays. While I think Pleasants is right to affiliate his proposition with a Wittgensteinian form of certainty, he exposes himself to a tension that exists in On Certainty regarding how we acquire it: is certainty natural, is it social? In this paper, I present two ways in which we come to possess certainty: a bottom-up approach, where certainty is part of our instinctual predisposition, and a top-down approach, where certainty is acquired through positive reinforcement by family and culture. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2012 Bottom-up nationallicence Top-down nationallicence Certainty nationallicence Basic moral nationallicence Wittgenstein nationallicence Philosophia Springer Netherlands 41/2(2013-06-01), 477-487 0048-3893 41:2<477 2013 41 11406 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11406-012-9385-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11406-012-9385-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Brice Robert Department of Philosophy, Loyola University New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Philosophia Springer Netherlands 41/2(2013-06-01), 477-487 0048-3893 41:2<477 2013 41 11406 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer