naa a22 4500 510795560 CHVBK 20180411083335.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11277-011-0438-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11277-011-0438-9 A Backbone-Aware Topology Formation (BATF) Scheme for ZigBee Wireless Sensor Networks [Elektronische Daten] [Kuei-Li Huang, Li-Hsing Yen, Jui-Tang Wang, Chao-Nan Wu, Chien-Chao Tseng] In a tree-structured ZigBee wireless sensor network, nodes close to the root of the tree (i.e., hot-spot nodes) may exhaust their power earlier than those distant from the root due to heavy loads on packet forwarding. This hot-spot problem is inherent in tree-structured networks and may demand extra energy to recover from failures of hot-spot nodes. In this paper, the backbone-aware topology formation (BATF) scheme is proposed to alleviate the hot-spot problem. BATF utilizes power-rich nodes to form a backbone tree that does not suffer from the hot-spot problem. Each power-rich node independently initiates a ZigBee tree network that attracts associations from ZigBee-compliant devices in order to distribute packet-forwarding loads over a larger set of nodes. Issues of BATF such as the partition of address space and ZigBee-compliant routing are discussed in detail. Simulation results confirm that BATF does alleviate the hot-spot problem as it improves network lifetime as well as data collection capability. Comparisons with native ZigBee protocols show that the improvement comes from our protocol design rather than simply introducing power-rich nodes. The Author(s), 2011 ZigBee network nationallicence Power node nationallicence Backbone nationallicence ZigBee-compliance nationallicence Huang Kuei-Li National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC aut Yen Li-Hsing National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC aut Wang Jui-Tang Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC aut Wu Chao-Nan National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC aut Tseng Chien-Chao National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC aut Wireless Personal Communications Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 68/1(2013-01-01), 47-64 0929-6212 68:1<47 2013 68 11277 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-011-0438-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-011-0438-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Huang Kuei-Li National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yen Li-Hsing National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Jui-Tang Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Chao-Nan National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tseng Chien-Chao National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, ROC aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Wireless Personal Communications Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 68/1(2013-01-01), 47-64 0929-6212 68:1<47 2013 68 11277 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer