naa a22 4500 510796850 CHVBK 20180411083339.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20131201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11277-013-1250-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11277-013-1250-5 IPv6 Multicast Forwarding in RPL-Based Wireless Sensor Networks [Elektronische Daten] [George Oikonomou, Iain Phillips, Theo Tryfonas] In wireless sensor deployments, network layer multicast can be used to improve the bandwidth and energy efficiency for a variety of applications, such as service discovery or network management. However, despite efforts to adopt IPv6 in networks of constrained devices, multicast has been somewhat overlooked. The Multicast Forwarding Using Trickle (Trickle Multicast) internet draft is one of the most noteworthy efforts. The specification of the IPv6 routing protocol for low power and lossy networks (RPL) also attempts to address the area but leaves many questions unanswered. In this paper we highlight our concerns about both these approaches. Subsequently, we present our alternative mechanism, called stateless multicast RPL forwarding algorithm (SMRF), which addresses the aforementioned drawbacks. Having extended the TCP/IP engine of the Contiki embedded operating system to support both trickle multicast (TM) and SMRF, we present an in-depth comparison, backed by simulated evaluation as well as by experiments conducted on a multi-hop hardware testbed. Results demonstrate that SMRF achieves significant delay and energy efficiency improvements at the cost of a small increase in packet loss. The outcome of our hardware experiments show that simulation results were realistic. Lastly, we evaluate both algorithms in terms of code size and memory requirements, highlighting SMRF's low implementation complexity. Both implementations have been made available to the community for adoption. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2013 6LoWPAN nationallicence Wireless sensor networks nationallicence IPv6 multicast nationallicence Trickle nationallicence Oikonomou George Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, BS8 1UB, Clifton, UK aut Phillips Iain Computer Science, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, Loughborough, UK aut Tryfonas Theo Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Queen's Building, University Walk, BS8 1TR, Clifton, UK aut Wireless Personal Communications Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 73/3(2013-12-01), 1089-1116 0929-6212 73:3<1089 2013 73 11277 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-013-1250-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-013-1250-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oikonomou George Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Merchant Venturers Building, Woodland Road, BS8 1UB, Clifton, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Phillips Iain Computer Science, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, Loughborough, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tryfonas Theo Faculty of Engineering, University of Bristol, Queen's Building, University Walk, BS8 1TR, Clifton, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Wireless Personal Communications Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 73/3(2013-12-01), 1089-1116 0929-6212 73:3<1089 2013 73 11277 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer