naa a22 4500 510806198 CHVBK 20180411083419.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11625-013-0210-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11625-013-0210-z Historical area and shoreline change of reef islands around Tarawa Atoll, Kiribati [Elektronische Daten] [Naomi Biribo, Colin Woodroffe] Low-lying reef islands on atolls appear to be threatened by impacts of observed and anticipated sea-level rise. This study examines changes in shoreline position on the majority of reef islands on Tarawa Atoll, the capital of Kiribati. It investigates short-term reef-island area and shoreline change over 30years determined by comparing 1968 and 1998 aerial photography using geographical information systems. Reef islands have substantially increased in size, gaining about 450ha, driven largely by reclamations on urban South Tarawa, accounting for 360ha (~80% of the net change). Widespread erosion and high average accretion rates appear to be related to disjointed reclamations. In rural North Tarawa, most reef islands show stability, with localised changes in areas such as embayments, sand spits and beaches adjacent to, or facing, inter-island channels. Shoreline changes in North Tarawa are largely influenced by natural factors, whereas those in South Tarawa are predominantly affected by human factors and seasonal variability associated with El Niño—Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, serious concerns are raised for the future of South Tarawa reef islands, as evidence shows that widespread erosion along the ocean and lagoon shorelines is primarily due to human activities and further encroachment onto the active beach will disrupt longshore sediment transport, increasing erosion and susceptibility of the reef islands to anticipated sea-level rise. Appropriate adaptation measures, such as incorporating coastal processes and seasonal variability associated with ENSO when designing coastal structures and developing appropriate management plans, are required, including prohibiting beach mining practices near settlements. Springer Japan, 2013 Atoll nationallicence Sea-level rise nationallicence Shoreline change nationallicence Tarawa Atoll nationallicence Kiribati nationallicence Biribo Naomi School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia aut Woodroffe Colin School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia aut Sustainability Science Springer Japan 8/3(2013-07-01), 345-362 1862-4065 8:3<345 2013 8 11625 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-013-0210-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-013-0210-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Biribo Naomi School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Woodroffe Colin School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2522, Wollongong, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Sustainability Science Springer Japan 8/3(2013-07-01), 345-362 1862-4065 8:3<345 2013 8 11625 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer