naa a22 4500 510806244 CHVBK 20180411083419.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11625-013-0218-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11625-013-0218-4 Physical basis of coastal adaptation on tropical small islands [Elektronische Daten] [Donald Forbes, Thomas James, Michael Sutherland, Susan Nichols] Small tropical islands are widely recognized as having high exposure and vulnerability to climate change and other natural hazards. Ocean warming and acidification, changing storm patterns and intensity, and accelerated sea-level rise pose challenges that compound the intrinsic vulnerability of small, remote, island communities. Sustainable development requires robust guidance on the risks associated with natural hazards and climate change, including the potential for island coasts and reefs to keep pace with rising sea levels. Here we review these issues with special attention to their implications for climate-change vulnerability, adaptation, and disaster risk reduction in various island settings. We present new projections for 2010-2100 local sea-level rise (SLR) at 18 island sites, incorporating crustal motion and gravitational fingerprinting, for a range of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change global projections and a semi-empirical model. Projected 90-year SLR for the upper limit A1FI scenario with enhanced glacier drawdown ranges from 0.56 to 1.01m for islands with a measured range of vertical motion from −0.29 to +0.10m. We classify tropical small islands into four broad groups comprising continental fragments, volcanic islands, near-atolls and atolls, and high carbonate islands including raised atolls. Because exposure to coastal forcing and hazards varies with island form, this provides a framework for consideration of vulnerability and adaptation strategies. Nevertheless, appropriate measures to adjust for climate change and to mitigate disaster risk depend on a place-based understanding of island landscapes and of processes operating in the coastal biophysical system of individual islands. The Author(s), 2013 Volcanic island nationallicence Atoll nationallicence Reef island nationallicence Climate change nationallicence Sea-level rise nationallicence Disaster risk reduction nationallicence AR4 : Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC) nationallicence ASL : Above sea level nationallicence ENSO : El Niño-southern oscillation nationallicence GMSL : Global mean sea level nationallicence GNSS : Global navigation satellite systems nationallicence GPS : Global positioning system nationallicence IGS : International GNSS Service nationallicence IPCC : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change nationallicence MSL : Mean sea level nationallicence NAO : North Atlantic oscillation nationallicence SLR : Sea-level rise nationallicence SRES : Special report on emission scenarios (IPCC) nationallicence Forbes Donald Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, B2Y 4A2, Dartmouth, NS, Canada aut James Thomas Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Sidney, BC, Canada aut Sutherland Michael Geomatics Engineering and Land Management, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago aut Nichols Susan Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada aut Sustainability Science Springer Japan 8/3(2013-07-01), 327-344 1862-4065 8:3<327 2013 8 11625 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-013-0218-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-013-0218-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Forbes Donald Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, B2Y 4A2, Dartmouth, NS, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- James Thomas Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Sidney, BC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sutherland Michael Geomatics Engineering and Land Management, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nichols Susan Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Sustainability Science Springer Japan 8/3(2013-07-01), 327-344 1862-4065 8:3<327 2013 8 11625 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer