naa a22 4500 510822592 CHVBK 20180411083540.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20130901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s12541-013-0221-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s12541-013-0221-9 Fabrication of micro-dimpled surfaces through micro ball end milling [Elektronische Daten] [Eldon Graham, Chaneel Park, Simon Park] Industry and researchers have begun to shift their focus towards more sustainable and eco-friendly manufacturing processes in recent years. They have recognized the vital role of functional micro surfaces for a wide range of advanced applications to address this issue. By physically altering the surface structure of a material in micrometric scale, tribological, optical, fluidic properties and many other surface characteristics can be altered. Several researchers have reported that micro surface patterns can reduce friction between lubricated sliding surfaces, which in turn alleviate energy consumption and increase service life of components. Micro ball end milling is another viable technique for creating patterned surfaces, especially for metallic parts. By tilting the spindle and tool at an inclined angle, the spindle speed and feed rate can be adjusted so that the flutes of the cutter create periodic patterns in a workpiece surface. Machining is an efficient and versatile manufacturing technique, making the micro dimple machining technique an ideal method to fabricate dimpled surfaces. In this study, the fabricated surfaces are evaluated at a tribological level to illustrate their effectiveness at reducing friction. The development of efficient methods to produce micro patterns onto large surface areas can promote a sustainable future for a variety of novel products. The development of efficient surface pattern algorithms for generating different dimple geometries is also a focus; and, trends in cutting forces are identified by changing different machining parameters. Depth of cut and dimple shape, spacing and arrangement are crucial parameters, all of which factor into the performance of a functional surface. The results of this study strongly indicate micro dimple machining as an environmentally sustainable method of producing functional surfaces for advanced technological applications. Korean Society for Precision Engineering and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2013 Micro patterns nationallicence Functional surfaces nationallicence Dimples nationallicence Micro ball end milling nationallicence A w : workpiece area nationallicence D : dimple density nationallicence F : feed rate nationallicence N : number of flutes nationallicence R : nose radius of ball end mill nationallicence T d : dimple period nationallicence d : cutting depth nationallicence n : spindle speed nationallicence s d : dimple spacing nationallicence t : machining time nationallicence x pitch : number of dimples per mm in feed direction nationallicence γ : spindle inclination angle nationallicence κ : circumferential angle along axis of end mill nationallicence φ : tool rotation angle nationallicence θ : angle between feed direction and x axis nationallicence Graham Eldon Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada aut Park Chaneel Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada aut Park Simon Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada aut International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Springer Berlin Heidelberg 14/9(2013-09-01), 1637-1646 2234-7593 14:9<1637 2013 14 12541 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-013-0221-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-013-0221-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Graham Eldon Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Park Chaneel Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Park Simon Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Springer Berlin Heidelberg 14/9(2013-09-01), 1637-1646 2234-7593 14:9<1637 2013 14 12541 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer