naa a22 4500 510823483 CHVBK 20180411083545.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180411e20131001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s12541-013-0250-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s12541-013-0250-4 Load torque estimation for a parallel hybrid agricultural tractor in field operations [Elektronische Daten] [Yong Kim, Bongsob Song, Jinho Kim] This paper presents a load torque estimation algorithm for a parallel hybrid agricultural tractor (HAT) in major field operations such as baling, plowing, and rotary tillage. While the load torque in a hybrid electric vehicle is mostly used to make the vehicle drivable, a large portion of the load torque in a HAT is required for field operations. To identify dynamic characteristics of each field operation, both PTO and transmission torque in major field operations are measured. Based on the measurement results, it is inferred that the load torque estimation is necessary to develop a torque-assist strategy to capture the characteristics of the field operation. Thus, an adaptive observer is proposed for the load torque estimation, and its performance is validated experimentally by comparing the estimated load torque with the measurements. Korean Society for Precision Engineering and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2013 Torque estimation nationallicence Hybrid tractor nationallicence Adaptive observer nationallicence Torque-assist strategy nationallicence v : tractor speed nationallicence ω e , $\hat \omega _e $ : engine speed and estimated engine speed nationallicence ω w : wheel speed nationallicence m t m w : mass of tractor and wheel respectively nationallicence J e : rotational inertia of engine and motor nationallicence J w : rotational inertia of wheel nationallicence b e : viscous damping coefficient of engine nationallicence T e : engine torque nationallicence T l , $\hat T_l $ : load torque and estimated load torque nationallicence T in : input torque nationallicence T PTO : power take-off (PTO) driving torque nationallicence T tr : input torque to transmission nationallicence T d : wheel driving torque nationallicence T m : motor torque nationallicence T rr : rolling resistance moment nationallicence F r : reaction force at the axle nationallicence F tr : tractive force at the wheel nationallicence F db : implement draft (or drawbar) force nationallicence F a : aerodynamic drag force nationallicence F slope : gravitational force due to slope nationallicence η g : overall gear ratio nationallicence r : effective radius of wheel nationallicence ϑ : road or ground slope nationallicence Kim Yong LS Mtron, 150-31, Dangieong-dong, 435-030, Gunpo, Korea aut Song Bongsob Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Yeongtong-gu, 443-749, Suwon, Korea aut Kim Jinho School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeongnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, 712-749, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Korea aut International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Springer Berlin Heidelberg 14/10(2013-10-01), 1865-1868 2234-7593 14:10<1865 2013 14 12541 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-013-0250-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-013-0250-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kim Yong LS Mtron, 150-31, Dangieong-dong, 435-030, Gunpo, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Song Bongsob Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, San 5, Wonchon-dong, Yeongtong-gu, 443-749, Suwon, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kim Jinho School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeongnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, 712-749, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Springer Berlin Heidelberg 14/10(2013-10-01), 1865-1868 2234-7593 14:10<1865 2013 14 12541 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer