caa a22 4500 528787403 20200430031144.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180924e20180905xx s 000 0 eng 10.3929/ethz-b-000290654 doi 10.1126/sciadv.aap9519 doi (ETHRESEARCH)oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/290654 Marbach Moritz The long-term impact of employment bans on the economic integration of refugees [Elektronische Daten] [Moritz Marbach, Jens Hainmueller, Dominik Hangartner] Sci Adv Open access ethresearch Many European countries impose employment bans that prevent asylum seekers from entering the local labor market for a certain waiting period upon arrival. We provide evidence on the long-term effects of these employment bans on the subsequent economic integration of refugees. We leverage a natural experiment in Germany, where a court ruling prompted a reduction in the length of the employment ban. We find that, 5 years after the waiting period was reduced, employment rates were about 20 percentage points lower for refugees who, upon arrival, had to wait for an additional 7 months before they were allowed to enter the labor market. It took up to 10 years for this employment gap to disappear. Our findings suggest that longer employment bans considerably slowed down the economic integration of refugees and reduced their motivation to integrate early on after arrival. A marginal social cost analysis for the study sample suggests that this employment ban cost German taxpayers about 40 million euros per year, on average, in terms of welfare expenditures and foregone tax revenues from unemployed refugees. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 ethresearch Hainmueller Jens joint author Hangartner Dominik joint author Science Advances Washington D.C. : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 4 (9), p. eaap9519 2375-2548 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/290654 text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository (Open access) 1 Journal Article ethresearch ETHRESEARCH 856 40 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/290654 text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository (Open access) ETHRESEARCH 100 1- Marbach Moritz ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Hainmueller Jens joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Hangartner Dominik joint author ETHRESEARCH 773 0- Science Advances Washington D.C. : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 4 (9), p. eaap9519 2375-2548 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 ETHRESEARCH ETHRESEARCH ETHRESEARCH Journal Article Open access