caa a22 4500 528791516 20181103075218.0 cr unu---uuuuu 180924e201407 xx s 000 0 eng 10.3929/ethz-b-000086917 doi 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00526 doi (ETHRESEARCH)oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/86917 (ZORA)oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:99720 150 ddc 170 ddc 610 ddc 25100974 pmid Equal pain - Unequal fear response: enhanced susceptibility of tooth pain to fear conditioning [Elektronische Daten] [Michael L. Meier, Nuno M.P. de Matos, Mike Brügger, Dominik A. Ettlin, Nenad Lukic, Marcus Cheetham, Lutz Jäncke, Kai Lutz] Open access ethresearch Experimental fear conditioning in humans is widely used as a model to investigate the neural basis of fear learning and to unravel the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders. It has been observed that fear conditioning depends on stimulus salience and subject vulnerability to fear. It is further known that the prevalence of dental-related fear and phobia is exceedingly high in the population. Dental phobia is unique as no other body part is associated with a specific phobia. Therefore, we hypothesized that painful dental stimuli exhibit an enhanced susceptibility to fear conditioning when comparing to equal perceived stimuli applied to other body sites. Differential susceptibility to pain-related fear was investigated by analyzing responses to an unconditioned stimulus (UCS) applied to the right maxillary canine (UCS-c) vs. the right tibia (UCS-t). For fear conditioning, UCS-c and USC-t consisted of painful electric stimuli, carefully matched at both application sites for equal intensity and quality perception. UCSs were paired to simple geometrical forms which served as conditioned stimuli (CS+). Unpaired CS+ were presented for eliciting and analyzing conditioned fear responses. Outcome parameter were (1) skin conductance changes and (2) time-dependent brain activity (BOLD responses) in fear-related brain regions such as the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, thalamus, orbitofrontal cortex, and medial prefrontal cortex. A preferential susceptibility of dental pain to fear conditioning was observed, reflected by heightened skin conductance responses and enhanced time-dependent brain activity (BOLD responses) in the fear network. For the first time, this study demonstrates fear-related neurobiological mechanisms that point toward a superior conditionability of tooth pain. Beside traumatic dental experiences our results offer novel evidence that might explain the high prevalence of dental-related fears in the population. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 ethresearch Pain ethresearch Fear conditioning ethresearch Tooth ethresearch Skin conductance response ethresearch fMRI ethresearch Amygdala ethresearch Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) ethresearch Dental phobia ethresearch Balgrist University Hospital, Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Center zora Institute of Psychology zora Clinic for Masticatory Disorders zora Institute of Biomedical Engineering zora Meier Michael L. joint author de Matos Nuno M.P. joint author Brügger Mike joint author Ettlin Dominik A. joint author Lukic Nenad joint author Cheetham Marcus joint author Jäncke Lutz joint author Lutz Kai joint author Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation 8, p. 526 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/86917 text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository (Open access) 1 Journal Article ethresearch ETHRESEARCH 856 40 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/86917 text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository (Open access) ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Meier Michael L. joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- de Matos Nuno M.P. joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Brügger Mike joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Ettlin Dominik A. joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Lukic Nenad joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Cheetham Marcus joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Jäncke Lutz joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Lutz Kai joint author ETHRESEARCH 773 0- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation 8, p. 526 ZORA 856 40 https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/99720/1/Ettlin_fnhum-08-00526.pdf text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository ZORA 700 1- Meier Michael L. joint author ZORA 700 1- de Matos Nuno M P. joint author ZORA 700 1- Brügger Mike joint author ZORA 700 1- Ettlin Dominik A. joint author ZORA 700 1- Lukic Nenad joint author ZORA 700 1- Cheetham Marcus joint author ZORA 700 1- Jäncke Lutz joint author ZORA 700 1- Lutz Kai joint author ZORA 773 0- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience:8:526 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 ETHRESEARCH ETHRESEARCH ETHRESEARCH Journal Article Open access ZORA ZORA ZORA Journal Article openAccess