caa a22 4500 530098989 20181217030327.0 cr unu---uuuuu 181026e20150715xx s 000 0 eng 10.3929/ethz-b-000102445 doi 10.1038/srep12145 doi (ETHRESEARCH)oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/102445 Stability of cooperation under image scoring in group interactions [Elektronische Daten] [Dirk Helbing, Heinrich H. Nax, Matjaž Perc, Attila Szolnoki] Sci Rep Open access ethresearch Image scoring sustains cooperation in the repeated two-player prisoner's dilemma through indirect reciprocity, even though defection is the uniquely dominant selfish behaviour in the one-shot game. Many real-world dilemma situations, however, firstly, take place in groups and, secondly, lack the necessary transparency to inform subjects reliably of others' individual past actions. Instead, there is revelation of information regarding groups, which allows for ‘group scoring' but not for image scoring. Here, we study how sensitive the positive results related to image scoring are to information based on group scoring. We combine analytic results and computer simulations to specify the conditions for the emergence of cooperation. We show that under pure group scoring, that is, under the complete absence of image-scoring information, cooperation is unsustainable. Away from this extreme case, however, the necessary degree of image scoring relative to group scoring depends on the population size and is generally very small. We thus conclude that the positive results based on image scoring apply to a much broader range of informational settings that are relevant in the real world than previously assumed. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ethresearch Climate-change mitigation ethresearch Statistical physics ethresearch Helbing Dirk joint author Nax Heinrich H. joint author Perc Matjaž joint author Szolnoki Attila joint author Scientific Reports London : Nature Publishing Group 5, p. 12145 2045-2322 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/102445 text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository (Open access) 1 Journal Article ethresearch ETHRESEARCH 856 40 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/102445 text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository (Open access) ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Helbing Dirk joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Nax Heinrich H. joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Perc Matjaž joint author ETHRESEARCH 700 1- Szolnoki Attila joint author ETHRESEARCH 773 0- Scientific Reports London : Nature Publishing Group 5, p. 12145 2045-2322 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 ETHRESEARCH ETHRESEARCH ETHRESEARCH Journal Article Open access