caa a22 4500 555285367 20200410031630.0 cr unu---uuuuu 190206s2018 xx s 000 0 eng 1932-6203 10.1371/journal.pone.0198440 doi (BORIS)oai:boris.unibe.ch:125282 610 ddc 29864150 pmid Characterization of the seven-day course of pulmonary response following unilateral lung acid injury in rats [Elektronische Daten] [Florian Setzer, Barbara Schmidt, Lars Hueter, Konrad Schwarzkopf, Jörg Sänger, Torsten Schreiber] publishedVersion openAccess eu-repo BACKGROUND Aspiration of gastric acid is an important cause of acute lung injury. The time course of the pulmonary response to such an insult beyond the initial 48 hours is incompletely characterized. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively describe the pulmonary effects of focal lung acid injury over a seven day period in both directly injured and not directly injured lung tissue. METHODS Male Wistar rats underwent left-endobronchial instillation with hydrochloric acid and were sacrificed at 4, 24, 48, 96 or 168 h after the insult. Healthy non-injured animals served as controls. We assessed inflammatory cell counts and cytokine levels in right and left lung lavage fluid and blood, arterial oxygen tension, alterations in lung histology, lung wet-to-dry weight ratio and differential lung perfusion. RESULTS Lung acid instillation induced an early strong inflammatory response in the directly affected lung, peaking at 4-24 hours, with only partial resolution after 7 days. A less severe response with complete resolution after 4 days was seen in the opposite lung. Alveolar cytokine levels, with exception of IL-6, only partially reflected the localization of lung injury and the time course of the functional and histologic alterations. Alveolar leucocyte subpopulations exhibited different time courses in the acid injured lung with persistent elevation of alveolar lymphocytes and macrophages. After acid instillation there was an early transient decrease in arterial oxygen tension and lung perfusion was preferentially distributed to the non-injured lung. CONCLUSION These findings provide a basis for further research in the field of lung acid injury and for studies exploring effects of mechanical ventilation on injured lungs. Incomplete recovery in the directly injured lung 7 days after acid instillation suggests that increased vulnerability and susceptibility to further noxious stimuli are still present at that time. Setzer Florian joint author Schmidt Barbara joint author Hueter Lars joint author Schwarzkopf Konrad joint author Sänger Jörg joint author Schreiber Torsten joint author PLoS ONE 13(6), e0198440 1932-6203 https://boris.unibe.ch/125282/1/2018%20-%20Setzer%20-%20PLOS%20-%20PMID%2029864150.pdf text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository 1 info:eu-repo/semantics/article boris PeerReviewed boris peerstatus BORIS 856 40 https://boris.unibe.ch/125282/1/2018%20-%20Setzer%20-%20PLOS%20-%20PMID%2029864150.pdf text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository BORIS 700 1- Setzer Florian joint author BORIS 700 1- Schmidt Barbara joint author BORIS 700 1- Hueter Lars joint author BORIS 700 1- Schwarzkopf Konrad joint author BORIS 700 1- Sänger Jörg joint author BORIS 700 1- Schreiber Torsten joint author BORIS 773 0- PLoS ONE 13(6), e0198440 1932-6203 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 BORIS BORIS BORIS info:eu-repo/semantics/article openAccess