caa a22 4500 555311139 20200410031630.0 cr unu---uuuuu 190207s2018 xx s 000 0 eng 1932-6203 10.1371/journal.pone.0194933 doi (BORIS)oai:boris.unibe.ch:125013 610 ddc 29596513 pmid Bad manners in the Emergency Department: Incivility among doctors [Elektronische Daten] [Karsten Klingberg, Khaled Gadelhak, Sabrina Jegerlehner, Adam D. Brown, Aristomenis Exadaktylos, David Shiva Srivastava] publishedVersion openAccess eu-repo Introduction Negative workplace behaviour, especially negative communication is a recognised problem in many organisations and is known to have serious impact on workplace performance, productivity and personal wellbeing. Emergency Departments (ED) can be high stress environments in which communication and perceptions of respect between physicians and other staff may underlie individual functioning. We conducted a study to estimate the influence of incivility (ICV) among physicians in the ED. Methods We developed an online survey to assess workplace incivility in the ED. We focussed on frequency, origin, reasons and situations where ICV was reported. To measure the levels and the potential influence of ICV on psychological safety, social stress and personal wellbeing we correlated our questionnaire to standard psychological scales. Statistical analysis included Students t-test, chi squared distribution and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results We invited all seventy-seven ED physicians to participate in our survey. Among those that completed (n = 50, 65%) the survey, 9% of ED physicians reported frequent (1/week) and 38% occasional (1/month) incidents of ICV. 28% of physicians reported experiencing ICV once per quarter and 21% reported a frequency of only once per year, no physician reported ICV on a daily basis. Levels of ICV were significantly higher in interactions with specialists from outside then within the ED (p<0.01). ICV was perceived particularly during critical situations. Our findings showed a significant correlation between internal (within the ED team) ICV and psychological safety. To ED physicians internal ICV was associated with lower levels of psychological safety (p<0.01). ICV displayed from sources outside the ED team was not associated with psychological safety, but we found a significant influence of external ICV on personal irritability and reduced wellbeing (p<0.01). Discussion The incidence of incivility was high among the ED physicians. Although this was a small sample, the association between workplace ICV and psychological safety, personal irritation as well personal comfort suggests that ICV may be an important variable underlying ED team performance. These findings further underscore the need to foster a culture of respect and good communication between departments, as levels of ICV were highest with physicians from outside the ED. Future research would benefit from examining strategies to prevent and reduce ICV and identify reasons for personal variation in perception of ICV. During critical situations and in general collaboration with specialists, awareness of ICV and countermeasures are important to avoid decreased performance and negative impact on staff and patient. Klingberg Karsten joint author Gadelhak Khaled joint author Jegerlehner Sabrina joint author Brown Adam D. joint author Exadaktylos Aristomenis joint author Srivastava David Shiva joint author PLoS ONE 13(3), e0194933 1932-6203 https://boris.unibe.ch/125013/1/journal.pone.0194933.pdf text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository 1 info:eu-repo/semantics/article boris PeerReviewed boris peerstatus BORIS 856 40 https://boris.unibe.ch/125013/1/journal.pone.0194933.pdf text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository BORIS 700 1- Klingberg Karsten joint author BORIS 700 1- Gadelhak Khaled joint author BORIS 700 1- Jegerlehner Sabrina joint author BORIS 700 1- Brown Adam D. joint author BORIS 700 1- Exadaktylos Aristomenis joint author BORIS 700 1- Srivastava David Shiva joint author BORIS 773 0- PLoS ONE 13(3), e0194933 1932-6203 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 BORIS BORIS BORIS info:eu-repo/semantics/article openAccess