caa a22 4500 605448736 CHVBK 20210128100138.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10437-015-9200-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10437-015-9200-0 Bamford Marion Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, P Bag 3, WITS, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa aut Macrobotanical Remains from Wonderwerk Cave (Excavation 1), Oldowan to Late Pleistocene (2Ma to 14ka bp ), South Africa [Elektronische Daten] [Marion Bamford] Wonderwerk Cave in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa has a record of occupation spanning some 2 million years, comprising flora, fauna and cultural artifacts and, therefore, potentially, has the most complete macrobotanical record associated with hominin/human activities. The flora is described here for the lower levels: the Oldowan Stratum 12 (ca. 2Ma) to the Late Pleistocene Stratum 5 (ca. 14ka). The older material includes calcified roots, leaf litter of small dicotyledonous twigs and seeds, grass and sedge culms. From Stratum 5, there are about 134 pieces of charcoal that have been identified to eight woody species. Assuming the firewood was of local origin, the climate during the latest Pleistocene would have been slightly more mesic than today's arid to semi-arid climate. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Macrobotanical remains nationallicence Sedges nationallicence Grasses nationallicence Seeds nationallicence Charcoal nationallicence Fire-sticks nationallicence African Archaeological Review Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 32/4(2015-12-01), 813-838 0263-0338 32:4<813 2015 32 10437 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10437-015-9200-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10437-015-9200-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Bamford Marion Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, P Bag 3, WITS, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- African Archaeological Review Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 32/4(2015-12-01), 813-838 0263-0338 32:4<813 2015 32 10437