caa a22 4500 605454248 CHVBK 20210128100206.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10064-014-0672-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10064-014-0672-y Rock slope deformation mechanism in the Cihaxia Hydropower Station, Northwest China [Elektronische Daten] [Zelin Zhang, Gao Liu, Shuren Wu, Huiming Tang, Tao Wang, Gaoyong Li, Changyu Liang] Complex block-flexure slope toppling is observed in interbedded sandstone and slate in the upper Yellow River, China. Block toppling is observed in the relatively hard sandstone and flexural toppling is observed in the relatively soft slate. The evolution of toppling slope deformation is characterized by long-term progress and spatial variability. In order to study these characteristics, field investigations, adit prospecting, borehole drilling, sonic tests and numerical simulation were carried out. In addition, the effect of the structure, the composite mode of the rock mass, the unloading fissures and geomorphology are discussed. Furthermore, we explored the toppling mechanisms and simulated it numerically; on this basis, the slope evolution is divided into four stages. Results obtained from the numerical simulation compared well with field investigation data (investigation data, rock sonic survey and strata dip statistics). Comparative studies have demonstrated that the analytical methods presented in this paper are appropriate for back analysis of the toppling evolution process. The result showed that this toppling slope has not yet entered the later progressivity failure stage and is currently limited to collapse at shallow levels, whereas the deep-seated rock mass will remain stable for a long time. This study might provide reference for a stability evaluation and hazard prevention analysis for rock toppling. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Toppling deformation nationallicence Block-flexural toppling nationallicence Formation mechanism nationallicence Discrete element method nationallicence Universal distinct element code (UDEC) nationallicence Hydropower station nationallicence Zhang Zelin Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China aut Liu Gao Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China aut Wu Shuren Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China aut Tang Huiming China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China aut Wang Tao Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China aut Li Gaoyong Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China aut Liang Changyu Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China aut Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Springer Berlin Heidelberg 74/3(2015-08-01), 943-958 1435-9529 74:3<943 2015 74 10064 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-014-0672-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-014-0672-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Zelin Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Gao Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Shuren Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tang Huiming China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Tao Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Gaoyong Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liang Changyu Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment Springer Berlin Heidelberg 74/3(2015-08-01), 943-958 1435-9529 74:3<943 2015 74 10064