caa a22 4500 605456801 CHVBK 20210128100219.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00167-014-3124-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00167-014-3124-0 Gross anatomical and dimensional characteristics of the proximal hamstring origin [Elektronische Daten] [Matthias Feucht, Johannes Plath, Gernot Seppel, Stefan Hinterwimmer, Andreas Imhoff, Peter Brucker] Purpose: The current study was undertaken to better define the gross anatomical and dimensional characteristics of the proximal hamstring origin. Methods: Twelve paired whole-lower extremities from six embalmed cadavers were dissected. The gross anatomy of the proximal hamstrings was studied. With the tendons attached to the ischial tuberosity, the width and thickness of each tendon was measured 1cm distally to their origin, and the distance from the most proximal border of the common origin of the semitendinosus (ST) and long head of the biceps (LB) to their distal junction was assessed. After removal of the hamstring group, the shape, orientation, and dimension of the tendon footprints were determined. Results: One cadaver demonstrated unique anatomy, which was considered as an anatomic variant and was therefore excluded from the study group. The ST and LB had a common origin on the posterolateral aspect of the ischial tuberosity (ST/LB), whereas the semimembranosus (SM) had a separated origin at the anterolateral aspect. The mean distance from the most proximal border of the ST/LB origin to the distal junction was 10.0±1.3cm. The shape of both footprints was longitudinal-oval, with the longitudinal axes of the SM and ST/LB footprints parallel aligned. Mean tendon width was 3.4±0.5cm for the common ST/LB complex and 4.2±0.9cm for the SM (p=0.009). The corresponding values for tendon thickness were 1.0±0.3cm (ST/LB) and 0.8±0.2cm (SM), respectively (n.s.). Mean footprint length was 3.9±0.4cm for ST/LB and 4.5±0.5cm for SM (p=0.002). The corresponding values for footprint height were 1.4±0.5cm (ST/LB) and 1.2±0.3cm (SM), respectively (n.s.). Conclusion: The ST and LB had a common origin, whereas the SM originated separately. The site of origin of both tendons was the lateral aspect of the ischial tuberosity, with the SM footprint lying directly anterior to the footprint of the ST/LB complex. The footprint of the SM was significantly wider than the footprint of the ST/LB. The reported gross anatomic findings and dimensions may aid surgeons in anchor placement at the anatomical attachment site, thereby facilitating anatomic hamstring repair. In addition, the provided data may improve diagnosis and conservative treatment of proximal hamstring tendinopathy, since detailed knowledge about the normal anatomy is crucial for recognizing tendon abnormalities and for several conservative treatment modalities such as shockwave application or ultrasound-guided injections. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Hamstring tendons nationallicence Hamstring avulsion nationallicence Hamstring repair nationallicence Anatomy nationallicence Feucht Matthias Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut Plath Johannes Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut Seppel Gernot Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut Hinterwimmer Stefan Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut Imhoff Andreas Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut Brucker Peter Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 23/9(2015-09-01), 2576-2582 0942-2056 23:9<2576 2015 23 167 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-014-3124-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-014-3124-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Feucht Matthias Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Plath Johannes Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Seppel Gernot Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hinterwimmer Stefan Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Imhoff Andreas Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Brucker Peter Department for Orthopedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 23/9(2015-09-01), 2576-2582 0942-2056 23:9<2576 2015 23 167