caa a22 4500 605459177 CHVBK 20210128100232.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00167-013-2824-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00167-013-2824-1 In situ forces and length patterns of the fibular collateral ligament under controlled loading: an in vitro biomechanical study using a robotic system [Elektronische Daten] [Ping Liu, Jianquan Wang, Yan Xu, Yingfang Ao] Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the in situ forces and length patterns of the fibular collateral ligament (FCL) and kinematics of the knee under various loading conditions. Methods: Six fresh-frozen cadaveric knees were used (mean age 46±14.4years; range 20-58). In situ forces and length patterns of FCL and kinematics of the knee were determined under the following loading conditions using a robotic/universal force-moment sensor testing system: no rotation, varus (10Nm), external rotation (5Nm), and internal rotation (5Nm) at 0°, 15°, 30°, 60º, 90°, and 120° of flexion, respectively. Results: Under no rotation loading, the distances between the centres of the FCL attachments decreased as the knee flexed. Under varus loading, the force in FCL peaked at 15° of flexion and decreased with further knee flexion, while distances remained nearly constant and the varus rotation increased with knee flexion. Using external rotation, the force in the FCL also peaked at 15° flexion and decreased with further knee flexion, the distances decreased with flexion, and external rotation increased with knee flexion. Using internal rotation load, the force in the FCL was relatively small across all knee flexion angles, and the distances decreased with flexion; the amount of internal rotation was fairly constant. Conclusions: FCL has a primary role in preventing varus and external rotation at 15° of flexion. The FCL does not perform isometrically following knee flexion during neutral rotation, and tibia rotation has significant effects on the kinematics of the FCL. Varus and external rotation laxity increased following knee flexion. By providing more realistic data about the function and length patterns of the FCL and the kinematics of the intact knee, improved reconstruction and rehabilitation protocols can be developed. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Fibular collateral ligament nationallicence In situ forces nationallicence Length patterns nationallicence Knee kinematics nationallicence Biomechanical study nationallicence Liu Ping Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden St., Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, People's Republic of China aut Wang Jianquan Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden St., Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, People's Republic of China aut Xu Yan Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden St., Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, People's Republic of China aut Ao Yingfang Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden St., Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, People's Republic of China aut Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 23/4(2015-04-01), 1018-1025 0942-2056 23:4<1018 2015 23 167 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2824-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-013-2824-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Ping Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden St., Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Jianquan Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden St., Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xu Yan Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden St., Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ao Yingfang Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden St., Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, People's Republic of China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy Springer Berlin Heidelberg 23/4(2015-04-01), 1018-1025 0942-2056 23:4<1018 2015 23 167