caa a22 4500 605462550 CHVBK 20210128100248.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10211-014-0208-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10211-014-0208-2 Pal Sunil Katwa Bharati Bhaban, P.O.- Katwa, 713 130, Burdwan, West Bengal, India aut Factors influencing intergroup agonistic behaviour in free-ranging domestic dogs ( Canis familiaris ) [Elektronische Daten] [Sunil Pal] We investigated the effects of sex, age, season and competitive context on the intergroup agonistic behaviour of free-ranging dogs (Canis familiaris). Data were collected in different places to record competitive cooperative behaviour during intergroup conflicts. Observations of 21 free-ranging dogs belonging to four neighbouring groups were made in Katwa town, India. Throughout the 12-month study period, 85% of all intergroup agonistic interactions recorded were aggressive and 15% submissive. Intergroup aggressive interactions were more frequent during the late monsoon months when the females were in oestrus, while submissive interactions reached a peak during the winter months when the females were lactating. Adult dogs, particularly males, displayed a higher rate of aggressive behaviour than other age classes, whereas juvenile dogs, particularly males, displayed the highest rate of submissive behaviour. Male dogs were observed to perform more agonistic behaviours in mating contexts and at the boundaries of their territories, whereas female dogs displayed more agonistic behaviours in feeding contexts and in the vicinity of the den. Both aggressive and submissive patterns displayed by the dogs varied with the competitive contexts. The most frequently observed category of aggressive behaviour was ‘barking, growling and snarling' and submissive behavioural patterns were displayed frequently by ‘lips retracted in a submissive grin'. The striking feature of this study was that in most cases, more than one dog participated in aggressive conflicts. Such cooperative defense predominantly occurred at the boundaries of territory. Group home range size was largest during the late monsoon months and during the winter months. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and ISPA, 2014 Free-ranging domestic dogs nationallicence Seasonal home range nationallicence Intergroup agonistic behaviour nationallicence Seasonal variations nationallicence Competitive contexts nationallicence Behavioural patterns nationallicence acta ethologica Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18/2(2015-06-01), 209-220 0873-9749 18:2<209 2015 18 10211 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10211-014-0208-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10211-014-0208-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Pal Sunil Katwa Bharati Bhaban, P.O.- Katwa, 713 130, Burdwan, West Bengal, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- acta ethologica Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18/2(2015-06-01), 209-220 0873-9749 18:2<209 2015 18 10211