caa a22 4500 605464782 CHVBK 20210128100259.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10499-015-9880-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10499-015-9880-0 Effects of astaxanthin and Dunaliella salina on skin carotenoids, growthperformance and immune response of Astronotus ocellatus [Elektronische Daten] [M. Alishahi, M. Karamifar, M. Mesbah] In this study, Astronotus ocellatus were fed with food supplemented with Dunaliella salina (a natural β-carotene source) or astaxanthin (synthetic pigment), and their effects on fish skin carotenoids, growth indices and immune responses were evaluated. 135 A. ocellatus, weighing 25.6±0.6g, were randomly divided into three groups with three replicates (15 fish in each replicate). Group 1 and 2 were fed with a diet supplemented with 200mg/kg astaxanthin or D. salina, respectively. Control group received the same diet without supplemented carotenoids. After 50days, the growth indices were compared with the groups. Blood, mucus and skin samples were taken from each group. The immunological parameters of dietary D. salina and astaxanthin were studied in terms of serum and mucus lysozyme and bactericidal activity, as well as resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Carotenoid content of skin was assayed as well. Results showed that growth indices increased significantly in fish fed diet supplemented either with astaxanthin or D. salina (P<0.05). Serum and mucus lysozyme and bactericidal activity increased in D. salina and astaxanthin groups (P<0.05). Skin carotenoid content was statistically higher in astaxanthin group (6.48±0.84mgg−1) and D. salina group (4.89±0.83mgg−1) compared with the control group (3.05±0.32mgg−1) (P<0.05). Rate of mortality following the challenge with A. hydrophila was significantly lower in D. salina group (50±10) and astaxanthin (56.7±5.8) group compared with control group (76.7±5.8) (P<0.05). Conclusively, D. salina and astaxanthin as a food additive can affect positively the growth and immunological parameters as well as skin carotenoid of A. ocellatus. Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2015 Astronotus ocellatus nationallicence Dunaliella salina nationallicence Astaxanthin nationallicence Immunological parameters nationallicence Growth indices nationallicence Alishahi M. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran aut Karamifar M. Faculty of Veterinary, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran aut Mesbah M. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran aut Aquaculture International Springer International Publishing 23/5(2015-10-01), 1239-1248 0967-6120 23:5<1239 2015 23 10499 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9880-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-015-9880-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Alishahi M. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Karamifar M. Faculty of Veterinary, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mesbah M. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Aquaculture International Springer International Publishing 23/5(2015-10-01), 1239-1248 0967-6120 23:5<1239 2015 23 10499