caa a22 4500 605470979 CHVBK 20210128100330.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00382-014-2326-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-014-2326-y Interannual and intra-annual variability of rainfall in Haiti (1905-2005) [Elektronische Daten] [Vincent Moron, Romain Frelat, Pierre Jean-Jeune, Cédric Gaucherel] The interannual variability of annual and monthly rainfall in Haiti is examined from a database of 78 rain gauges in 1905-2005. The spatial coherence of annual rainfall is rather low, which is partly due to Haiti's rugged landscape, complex shoreline, and surrounding warm waters (mean sea surface temperatures >27°C from May to December). The interannual variation of monthly rainfall is mostly shaped by the intensity of the low-level winds across the Caribbean Sea, leading to a drier- (or wetter-) than-average rainy season associated with easterly (or westerly) anomalies, increasing (or decreasing) winds. The varying speed of low-level easterlies across the Caribbean basin may reflect at least four different processes during the year: (1) an anomalous trough/ridge over the western edge of the Azores high from December to February, peaking in January; (2) a zonal pressure gradient between Eastern Pacific and the tropical Northern Atlantic from May/June to September, with a peak in August (i.e. lower-than-average rainfall in Haiti is associated with positive sea level pressure anomalies over the tropical North Atlantic and negative sea level pressure anomalies over the Eastern Pacific); (3) a local ocean-atmosphere coupling between the speed of the Caribbean Low Level Jet and the meridional sea surface temperature (SST) gradient across the Caribbean basin (i.e. colder-than-average SST in the southern Caribbean sea is associated with increased easterlies and below-average rainfall in Haiti). This coupling is triggered when the warmest Caribbean waters move northward toward the Gulf of Mexico; (4) in October/November, a drier- (or wetter-) than-usual rainy season is related to an almost closed anticyclonic (or cyclonic) anomaly located ENE of Haiti on the SW edge of the Azores high. This suggests a main control of the interannual variations of rainfall by intensity, track and/or recurrence of tropical depressions traveling northeast of Haiti. During this period, the teleconnection of Haitian rainfall with synchronous Atlantic and Eastern Pacific SST is at a minimum. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Haiti nationallicence Caribbean basin nationallicence Rainfall variability nationallicence Precipitation regime nationallicence Ocean-atmosphere coupling nationallicence Moron Vincent CEREGE UM 34 CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Aix en Provence, France aut Frelat Romain French Institute of Pondicherry, IFP-CNRS, Pondicherry, India aut Jean-Jeune Pierre Natural Resources and Rural Development (MARNDR), Ministry of Agriculture, Port-au-Prince, Haiti aut Gaucherel Cédric French Institute of Pondicherry, IFP-CNRS, Pondicherry, India aut Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 45/3-4(2015-08-01), 915-932 0930-7575 45:3-4<915 2015 45 382 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2326-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2326-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Moron Vincent CEREGE UM 34 CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Aix en Provence, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Frelat Romain French Institute of Pondicherry, IFP-CNRS, Pondicherry, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jean-Jeune Pierre Natural Resources and Rural Development (MARNDR), Ministry of Agriculture, Port-au-Prince, Haiti aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gaucherel Cédric French Institute of Pondicherry, IFP-CNRS, Pondicherry, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 45/3-4(2015-08-01), 915-932 0930-7575 45:3-4<915 2015 45 382