caa a22 4500 605471282 CHVBK 20210128100332.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00382-014-2313-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-014-2313-3 Synoptic drivers of 400years of summer temperature and precipitation variability on Mt. Olympus, Greece [Elektronische Daten] [Stefan Klesse, Malin Ziehmer, Georgios Rousakis, Valerie Trouet, David Frank] The Mediterranean region has been identified as a global warming hotspot, where future climate impacts are expected to have significant consequences on societal and ecosystem well-being. To put ongoing trends of summer climate into the context of past natural variability, we reconstructed climate from maximum latewood density (MXD) measurements of Pinus heldreichii (1521-2010) and latewood width (LWW) of Pinus nigra (1617-2010) on Mt. Olympus, Greece. Previous research in the northeastern Mediterranean has primarily focused on inter-annual variability, omitting any low-frequency trends. The present study utilizes methods capable of retaining climatically driven long-term behavior of tree growth. The LWW chronology corresponds closely to early summer moisture variability (May-July, r=0.65, p<0.001, 1950-2010), whereas the MXD-chronology relates mainly to late summer warmth (July-September, r=0.64, p<0.001; 1899-2010). The chronologies show opposing patterns of decadal variability over the twentieth century (r=−0.68, p<0.001) and confirm the importance of the summer North Atlantic Oscillation (sNAO) for summer climate in the northeastern Mediterranean, with positive sNAO phases inducing cold anomalies and enhanced cloudiness and precipitation. The combined reconstructions document the late twentieth—early twenty-first century warming and drying trend, but indicate generally drier early summer and cooler late summer conditions in the period ~1700-1900 CE. Our findings suggest a potential decoupling between twentieth century atmospheric circulation patterns and pre-industrial climate variability. Furthermore, the range of natural climate variability stretches beyond summer moisture availability observed in recent decades and thus lends credibility to the significant drying trends projected for this region in current Earth System Model simulations. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Tree ring nationallicence Summer North Atlantic Oscillation nationallicence Northeastern Mediterranean nationallicence Maximum latewood density nationallicence Summer climate reconstruction nationallicence Latewood width nationallicence Klesse Stefan Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland aut Ziehmer Malin Physics Institute, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland aut Rousakis Georgios Litohoro Forest Service, 602000, Litohoro, Greece aut Trouet Valerie Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA aut Frank David Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland aut Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 45/3-4(2015-08-01), 807-824 0930-7575 45:3-4<807 2015 45 382 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2313-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2313-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Klesse Stefan Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ziehmer Malin Physics Institute, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rousakis Georgios Litohoro Forest Service, 602000, Litohoro, Greece aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Trouet Valerie Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Frank David Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 45/3-4(2015-08-01), 807-824 0930-7575 45:3-4<807 2015 45 382