caa a22 4500 60547172X CHVBK 20210128100334.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00382-014-2414-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-014-2414-z El Niño-Southern Oscillation diversity and Southern Africa teleconnections during Austral Summer [Elektronische Daten] [Andrew Hoell, Chris Funk, Tamuka Magadzire, Jens Zinke, Greg Husak] A wide range of sea surface temperature (SST) expressions have been observed during the El Niño-Southern Oscillation events of 1950-2010, which have occurred simultaneously with different global atmospheric circulations. This study examines the atmospheric circulation and precipitation during December-March 1950-2010 over the African Continent south of 15 $$^{\circ }$$ ∘ S, a region hereafter known as Southern Africa, associated with eight tropical Pacific SST expressions characteristic of El Niño and La Niña events. The self-organizing map method along with a statistical distinguishability test was used to isolate the SST expressions of El Niño and La Niña. The seasonal precipitation forcing over Southern Africa associated with the eight SST expressions was investigated in terms of the horizontal winds, moisture budget and vertical motion. El Niño events, with warm SST across the east and central Pacific Ocean and warmer than average SST over the Indian Ocean, are associated with precipitation reductions over Southern Africa. The regional precipitation reductions are forced primarily by large-scale mid-tropospheric subsidence associated with anticyclonic circulation in the upper troposphere. El Niño events with cooler than average SST over the Indian Ocean are associated with precipitation increases over Southern Africa associated with lower tropospheric cyclonic circulation and mid-tropospheric ascent. La Niña events, with cool SST anomalies over the central Pacific and warm SST over the west Pacific and Indian Ocean, are associated with precipitation increases over Southern Africa. The regional precipitation increases are forced primarily by lower tropospheric cyclonic circulation, resulting in mid-tropospheric ascent and an increased flux of moisture into the region. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 ENSO Diversity nationallicence El Niño nationallicence La Niña nationallicence Teleconnections nationallicence Southern Africa nationallicence Hoell Andrew Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA aut Funk Chris U.S. Geological Survey, Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA aut Magadzire Tamuka Famine Early Warning Systems Network, Gaborone, Bostwana aut Zinke Jens University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia aut Husak Greg Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA aut Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 45/5-6(2015-09-01), 1583-1599 0930-7575 45:5-6<1583 2015 45 382 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2414-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2414-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hoell Andrew Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Funk Chris U.S. Geological Survey, Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Magadzire Tamuka Famine Early Warning Systems Network, Gaborone, Bostwana aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zinke Jens University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Husak Greg Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 45/5-6(2015-09-01), 1583-1599 0930-7575 45:5-6<1583 2015 45 382