caa a22 4500 605472777 CHVBK 20210128100339.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00382-015-2493-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-015-2493-5 An optimal index for measuring the effect of East Asian winter monsoon on China winter temperature [Elektronische Daten] [Chundi Hu, Song Yang, Qigang Wu] Extreme cold events occur frequently in China. The authors define a representative yet simple index to reveal the monthly changes in China winter temperature associated with the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM), which is represented by both the leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF) mode and the country-mean temperature index of Chinese 160 gauge stations. A combined technique of correlation and multivariate EOF (Corr-MVEOF) analyses is applied to capture the dominant coupled patterns of EAWM circulation system. Based on the atmospheric circulation features captured by the leading Corr-MVEOF mode, a new EAWM index referred to as CNWMI is derived by using a stepwise regression analysis. The CNWMI highlights the importance of (1) the Mongolia-Siberian High (MSH) and its southward expansion and (2) the Asia-wide meridional dipole anomaly of 500hPa geopotential height. Compared with the 27 existing EAWM indices, the CNWMI not only best represents the leading modes of both EAWM circulation system and China winter temperature, but also reasonably tracks the intraseasonal-to-interdecadal variations of EAWM so that the monthly intensity of EAWM can be monitored conveniently. In particular, the Aleutian low (AL) is not strongly related to the MSH and may not be responsible for the variability of EAWM/MSH. Moreover, the indices that are highly correlated with the temperature over southern East Asia do not show significant relationships with the AL, which is different from the conventional concept that a strong EAWM/MSH is linked to a deepened AL. In contrast, the anomalous Australia-Maritime Continent low is in good agreement with the variation of EAWM/MSH. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 East Asian winter monsoon nationallicence Monsoon index nationallicence China temperature nationallicence Intraseasonal-to-interdecadal variations nationallicence Hu Chundi School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China aut Yang Song Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingangxi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China aut Wu Qigang School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China aut Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 45/9-10(2015-11-01), 2571-2589 0930-7575 45:9-10<2571 2015 45 382 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2493-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2493-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hu Chundi School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yang Song Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 West Xingangxi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Qigang School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 45/9-10(2015-11-01), 2571-2589 0930-7575 45:9-10<2571 2015 45 382