Effects of extratropical warming on ENSO amplitudes in an ensemble of a coupled GCM
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| 024 | 7 | 0 | |a 10.1007/s00382-014-2145-1 |2 doi |
| 035 | |a (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-014-2145-1 | ||
| 245 | 0 | 0 | |a Effects of extratropical warming on ENSO amplitudes in an ensemble of a coupled GCM |h [Elektronische Daten] |c [Kuniko Yamazaki, Masahiro Watanabe] |
| 520 | 3 | |a The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) amplitudes in an ensemble of twentieth-century coupled general circulation model experiments performed for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 were found to have a systematic relationship with the time-averaged Southern Ocean sea surface temperature (SST). That is, the ENSO amplitudes were greater in the ensemble members with warmer Southern Ocean SST. Here we propose a mechanism that explains how the anomalous extratropical warming remotely affects the ENSO strength. First, the reduction in the meridional temperature gradient over the Southern Hemisphere gives rise to an anomalous northward heat transport by transient eddies across the extratropics into the tropics. This induces an anomalous Hadley cell that leads to a northward heat transport within the tropics in its upper branch and a southward moisture transport in the lower branch. The latter reduces maximum precipitation in the intertropical convergence zone in the equatorial Pacific Ocean and increases precipitation in the adjacent region to the south. Since the amount of precipitation over the eastern equatorial Pacific dictates the strength of ENSO through the shift in the zonal wind stress response to El Niño/La Niña, we conclude that there is an energy transport pathway through which the ENSO strength can be remotely modulated by the anomalous heating in the extratropics. | |
| 540 | |a The Author(s), 2014 | ||
| 690 | 7 | |a El Niño-southern oscillation |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a ITCZ |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a Atmospheric energy transport |2 nationallicence | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yamazaki |D Kuniko |u Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, 277-8564, Chiba, Japan |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Watanabe |D Masahiro |u Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, 277-8564, Chiba, Japan |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | |t Climate Dynamics |d Springer Berlin Heidelberg |g 44/3-4(2015-02-01), 679-693 |x 0930-7575 |q 44:3-4<679 |1 2015 |2 44 |o 382 | |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2145-1 |q text/html |z Onlinezugriff via DOI |
| 898 | |a BK010053 |b XK010053 |c XK010000 | ||
| 900 | 7 | |a Metadata rights reserved |b Springer special CC-BY-NC licence |2 nationallicence | |
| 908 | |D 1 |a research-article |2 jats | ||
| 949 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |F NATIONALLICENCE |b NL-springer | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 856 |E 40 |u https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2145-1 |q text/html |z Onlinezugriff via DOI | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Yamazaki |D Kuniko |u Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, 277-8564, Chiba, Japan |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Watanabe |D Masahiro |u Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, 277-8564, Chiba, Japan |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 773 |E 0- |t Climate Dynamics |d Springer Berlin Heidelberg |g 44/3-4(2015-02-01), 679-693 |x 0930-7575 |q 44:3-4<679 |1 2015 |2 44 |o 382 | ||