caa a22 4500 605473323 CHVBK 20210128100342.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00382-014-2246-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-014-2246-x How much of the NAO monthly variability is from ocean-atmospheric coupling: results from an interactive ensemble climate model [Elektronische Daten] [Xiaoge Xin, Wei Xue, Minghua Zhang, Huimin Li, Tao Zhang, Jie Zhang] The chaotic atmospheric circulations and the ocean-atmosphere coupling may both cause variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). This study uses an interactive ensemble (IE) coupled model to study the contribution of the atmospheric noise and coupling to the monthly variability of the NAO. In the IE model, seven atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) realizations with different initial states are coupled with a single realization of the land, ocean and ice component models. The chaotic noise from the atmosphere at the air-sea interface is therefore reduced. The time variances of monthly NAO index in the ensemble AGCM mean of the IE model is found to be about 20.1% of that in the SC model. Therefore, more than 79.9% of the simulated monthly variability of NAO is caused by atmospheric noise. The coupling between sea surface temperature (SST) and NAO is only found in regions south of about 40°N in the North Atlantic Ocean. The IE strategy highlighted the interaction between the NAO and the SST in the region (28°-38°N, 20°W-50°W) to the southeast of the Gulf Stream extension. While the ocean-atmosphere coupling explains <1/5th of the NAO variability in the IE model, it shows slightly larger persistence than the SC model, consistent with the hypothesis of a slower mode of variability from ocean-atmosphere coupling that has larger predictability than the variability driven by the atmosphere. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 NAO nationallicence North Atlantic Ocean nationallicence Variability nationallicence Interactive ensemble nationallicence Predictability nationallicence Xin Xiaoge Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China aut Xue Wei Department of Computer Science and Technology, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China aut Zhang Minghua School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA aut Li Huimin Department of Computer Science and Technology, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China aut Zhang Tao Department of Computer Science and Technology, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China aut Zhang Jie Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China aut Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 44/3-4(2015-02-01), 781-790 0930-7575 44:3-4<781 2015 44 382 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2246-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2246-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xin Xiaoge Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xue Wei Department of Computer Science and Technology, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Minghua School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Li Huimin Department of Computer Science and Technology, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Tao Department of Computer Science and Technology, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Jie Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 44/3-4(2015-02-01), 781-790 0930-7575 44:3-4<781 2015 44 382