caa a22 4500 605473498 CHVBK 20210128100343.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00382-014-2193-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-014-2193-6 Critical role of boreal summer North Pacific subtropical highs in ENSO transition [Elektronische Daten] [Kyung-Sook Yun, Kyung-Ja Ha, Sang-Wook Yeh, Bin Wang, Baoqiang Xiang] The quasi-biennial (QB)-type El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), showing a fast phase transition from El Niño to La Niña, is closely related to the variability of the North Pacific subtropical high (NPSH) and western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) during summer. Here, we show that the NPSH plays a key role in the fast ENSO transition. The QB-type ENSO is associated with both strengthened WNPSH and NPSH during the boreal summer. By contrast, the low-frequency-type ENSO, which occurs in a typical period of 3-7years, displays an enhanced WNPSH but weakened NPSH. The stronger El Niño tends to generate a more intensified WNPSH from spring to summer, leading to the initial decay of El Niño via the modulation of easterly wind in the western Pacific. On the contrary, the NPSH has greater linkage with the decaying El Niño process after the boreal summer. Therefore, the coupled pattern of WNPSH-NPSH is important in changing ENSO phase from El Niño to La Niña. The NPSH causes sea surface temperature cooling over the subtropical Northeastern Pacific. The resultant subtropical cooling induces anomalous anticyclone west of the reduced heating, which generates the strengthening of trade winds south of the anticyclone. Consequently, this process contributes to tropical central Pacific cooling and the rapid transition of El Niño to La Niña. This study hints that the QB-type ENSO could be significantly linked to a tropics-midlatitudes coupled system such as an in-phase pattern between WNPSH and NPSH. The results are useful for improvement of ENSO prediction. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Fast El Niño transition nationallicence QB-type ENSO nationallicence Western North Pacific subtropical high nationallicence North Pacific subtropical high nationallicence Tropics-midlatitudes coupled system nationallicence Yun Kyung-Sook Division of Earth Environmental System, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea aut Ha Kyung-Ja Division of Earth Environmental System, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea aut Yeh Sang-Wook Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, ERICA, Ansan, Korea aut Wang Bin Department of Meteorology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA aut Xiang Baoqiang NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA aut Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 44/7-8(2015-04-01), 1979-1992 0930-7575 44:7-8<1979 2015 44 382 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2193-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2193-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yun Kyung-Sook Division of Earth Environmental System, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ha Kyung-Ja Division of Earth Environmental System, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, College of Natural Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yeh Sang-Wook Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, ERICA, Ansan, Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Bin Department of Meteorology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xiang Baoqiang NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 44/7-8(2015-04-01), 1979-1992 0930-7575 44:7-8<1979 2015 44 382