caa a22 4500 605474494 CHVBK 20210128100347.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00382-014-2189-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-014-2189-2 Energy-balance mechanisms underlying consistent large-scale temperature responses in warm and cold climates [Elektronische Daten] [Kenji Izumi, Patrick Bartlein, Sandy Harrison] Climate simulations show consistent large-scale temperature responses including amplified land-ocean contrast, high-latitude/low-latitude contrast, and changes in seasonality in response to year-round forcing, in both warm and cold climates, and these responses are proportional and nearly linear across multiple climate states. We examine the possibility that a small set of common mechanisms controls these large-scale responses using a simple energy-balance model to decompose the temperature changes shown in multiple lgm and abrupt4×CO 2 simulations from the CMIP5 archive. Changes in the individual components of the energy balance are broadly consistent across the models. Although several components are involved in the overall temperature responses, surface downward clear-sky longwave radiation is the most important component driving land-ocean contrast and high-latitude amplification in both warm and cold climates. Surface albedo also plays a significant role in promoting high-latitude amplification in both climates and in intensifying the land-ocean contrast in the warm climate case. The change in seasonality is a consequence of the changes in land-ocean and high-latitude/low-latitude contrasts rather than an independent temperature response. This is borne out by the fact that no single component stands out as being the major cause of the change in seasonality, and the relative importance of individual components is different in cold and warm climates. The Author(s), 2014 Climate model simulations nationallicence Surface energy balance nationallicence Land-ocean contrast nationallicence Polar amplification nationallicence Seasonality change nationallicence Paleo/future simulations nationallicence Izumi Kenji Department of Geography, University of Oregon, 97403, Eugene, OR, USA aut Bartlein Patrick Department of Geography, University of Oregon, 97403, Eugene, OR, USA aut Harrison Sandy School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 2109, North Ryde, NSW, Australia aut Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 44/11-12(2015-06-01), 3111-3127 0930-7575 44:11-12<3111 2015 44 382 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2189-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2189-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Izumi Kenji Department of Geography, University of Oregon, 97403, Eugene, OR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bartlein Patrick Department of Geography, University of Oregon, 97403, Eugene, OR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Harrison Sandy School of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 2109, North Ryde, NSW, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 44/11-12(2015-06-01), 3111-3127 0930-7575 44:11-12<3111 2015 44 382