caa a22 4500 605474516 CHVBK 20210128100348.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00382-014-2389-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00382-014-2389-9 Impacts of variations in the strength and structure of El Niño events on Pacific rainfall in CMIP5 models [Elektronische Daten] [Bradley Murphy, Hua Ye, François Delage] El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) plays a dominant role in interannual climate variability in Pacific island countries, directly affecting lives there. Many countries show different rainfall responses depending on the sea surface temperature (SST) structure of different types of El Nino events. El Niño events are classified into three types based on previous studies: those with strongest SST anomalies in the eastern Pacific Cold Tongue region (CTE), in the Western Pacific Warm Pool region (WPE), and those in between, a "Mixed” El Niño (MxE), and results from 30 CMIP5 models are investigated. These models accurately reproduce observed SST and precipitation anomalies for the three El Niño types and La Niña. CMIP5 models simulate much larger ranges in the strength of ENSO events than observed. Results clarify the roles of both the different structures of El Niño SST anomalies and their magnitudes on rainfall in the Pacific, and demonstrate that each of the three El Niño types has different impacts on rainfall in the region. These impacts vary with location, with WPE and CTE producing very different impacts in most Pacific island countries. There is a linear intensification of both the mean and maximum rainfall anomalies in the equatorial Pacific as the events become stronger. Equatorial rainfall shifts eastward in CTE and MxE, westward in La Niña. Both the South Pacific and Intertropical Convergence Zones (SPCZ and ITCZ) shift equatorward in El Niño and poleward in La Niña, the shifts increasing as events strengthen. WPE show different behaviour to other events, with little east-west shift in equatorial rainfall, and the orientation angle of the convergence zones increases. Identification of models with no erroneous westward bias in SST anomalies has clarified the effect of strong CTE events producing "zonal” SPCZ and shifting rainfall away to the east from western equatorial countries. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 El Niño nationallicence Pacific rainfall nationallicence Climate variability nationallicence CMIP5 nationallicence Murphy Bradley Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia aut Ye Hua Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia aut Delage François Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia aut Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 44/11-12(2015-06-01), 3171-3186 0930-7575 44:11-12<3171 2015 44 382 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2389-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2389-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Murphy Bradley Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ye Hua Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Delage François Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Climate Dynamics Springer Berlin Heidelberg 44/11-12(2015-06-01), 3171-3186 0930-7575 44:11-12<3171 2015 44 382