caa a22 4500 605476691 CHVBK 20210128100357.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00787-014-0628-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00787-014-0628-6 Prevalence of incontinence, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder in preschool children [Elektronische Daten] [Justine Niemczyk, Monika Equit, Katrin Braun-Bither, Anna-Maria Klein, Alexander von Gontard] Externalizing disorders as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) are common in children with nocturnal enuresis (NE), daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) and faecal incontinence (FI). We examined the prevalence rates of ADHD, ODD and incontinence in a defined geographical area and analysed the association between externalizing disorders and subtypes of incontinence. 1,676 parents of children who were presented at the mandatory school-entry medical examination completed a questionnaire with all DSM-IV items of ADHD, ODD and six questions regarding incontinence. 50.2% were male and mean age was 5.7years. 9.1% had at least one subtype of incontinence (8.5% had NE, 1.9% DUI and 0.8% FI). Boys were significantly more affected by incontinence overall, NE, FI and ADHD than girls. 6.4% had ADHD, 6.2% had ODD and 2.6% were affected by ADHD and ODD. 10.3% of the children with incontinence had ADHD and 10.3% ODD. Children with FI were significantly more affected by externalizing disorders (50%) than children with isolated NE (14.5%), children with DUI (9.5%) and continent children (9.5%). Children with incontinence, especially those with FI, are at much higher risk of externalizing disorders. An additional effect of children with both ADHD and ODD having higher rates of incontinence than children with only one disorder could not be found. However, these children represent a high-risk group with lower compliance to treatment and worse outcome. Therefore, screening not only for ADHD but also for ODD should be implemented for all children with incontinence. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Functional incontinence nationallicence Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder nationallicence Oppositional defiant disorder nationallicence Preschool children nationallicence Niemczyk Justine Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany aut Equit Monika Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany aut Braun-Bither Katrin Institute for Community Health, Regionalverband Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Germany aut Klein Anna-Maria Institute for Community Health, Regionalverband Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Germany aut von Gontard Alexander Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany aut European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Springer Berlin Heidelberg 24/7(2015-07-01), 837-843 1018-8827 24:7<837 2015 24 787 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-014-0628-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-014-0628-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Niemczyk Justine Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Equit Monika Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Braun-Bither Katrin Institute for Community Health, Regionalverband Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Klein Anna-Maria Institute for Community Health, Regionalverband Saarbrücken, Saarbrücken, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- von Gontard Alexander Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Springer Berlin Heidelberg 24/7(2015-07-01), 837-843 1018-8827 24:7<837 2015 24 787