caa a22 4500 605476810 CHVBK 20210128100358.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00787-015-0778-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00787-015-0778-1 Towards an ICF core set for ADHD: a worldwide expert survey on ability and disability [Elektronische Daten] [Elles de Schipper, Soheil Mahdi, David Coghill, Petrus de Vries, Susan Gau, Mats Granlund, Martin Holtmann, Sunil Karande, Florence Levy, Omar Almodayfer, Luis Rohde, Rosemary Tannock, Sven Bölte] This is the second in a series of four empirical studies designed to develop International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF and Children and Youth version, ICF-CY) core sets for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The objective of this stage was to gather the opinions from international experts on which ability and disability concepts were considered relevant to functioning in ADHD. An email-based survey was carried out amongst international experts in ADHD. Relevant functional ability and disability concepts were extracted from their responses and linked to the ICF/-CY categories by two independent researchers using a standardised linking procedure. 174 experts from 11 different disciplines and 45 different countries completed the survey. Meaningful concepts identified in their responses were linked to 185 ICF/-CY categories. Of these, 83 categories were identified by at least 5% of the experts and considered the most relevant to ADHD: 30 of these were related to Body functions (most identified: attention functions, 85%), 30 to Activities and Participation (most identified: school education, 52%), 20 to Environmental factors (most identified: support from immediate family, 61%), and 3 to Body structures (most identified: structure of brain, 83%). Experts also provided their views on particular abilities related to ADHD, naming characteristics such as high-energy levels, flexibility and resiliency. Gender differences in the expression of ADHD identified by experts pertained mainly to females showing more internalising (e.g. anxiety, low self-esteem) and less externalising behaviours (e.g. hyperactivity), leading to a risk of late- and under-diagnosis in females. Results indicate that the impact of ADHD extends beyond the core symptom domains, into all areas of life and across the lifespan. The current study in combination with three additional preparatory studies (comprehensive scoping review, focus groups, clinical study) will provide the scientific basis to define the ADHD ICF/-CY core sets for multi-purpose use in basic and applied research and every day clinical practice. The Author(s), 2015 ADHD nationallicence Neurodevelopmental disorder nationallicence Gender differences nationallicence Neurodiversity nationallicence Quality of life nationallicence Assessment nationallicence Psychiatry nationallicence ICD nationallicence DSM nationallicence de Schipper Elles Paediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden aut Mahdi Soheil Paediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden aut Coghill David Division of Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK aut de Vries Petrus Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa aut Gau Susan Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan aut Granlund Mats CHILD, SIDR, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden aut Holtmann Martin LWL-University Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics of the Ruhr University Bochum, Hamm, Germany aut Karande Sunil Learning Disability Clinic, Department of Paediatrics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, India aut Levy Florence School of Psychiatry, Prince of Wales Hospital and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia aut Almodayfer Omar Psychiatry Section, King Abdulaziz Medical City, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aut Rohde Luis Child Psychiatric Division, Departmant of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil aut Tannock Rosemary Neurosciences and Mental Health Research Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada aut Bölte Sven Paediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden aut European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Springer Berlin Heidelberg 24/12(2015-12-01), 1509-1521 1018-8827 24:12<1509 2015 24 787 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-015-0778-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-015-0778-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- de Schipper Elles Paediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mahdi Soheil Paediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Coghill David Division of Neuroscience, Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- de Vries Petrus Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gau Susan Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Granlund Mats CHILD, SIDR, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Holtmann Martin LWL-University Hospital for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics of the Ruhr University Bochum, Hamm, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Karande Sunil Learning Disability Clinic, Department of Paediatrics, Seth G.S. Medical College and K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, India aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Levy Florence School of Psychiatry, Prince of Wales Hospital and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Almodayfer Omar Psychiatry Section, King Abdulaziz Medical City, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rohde Luis Child Psychiatric Division, Departmant of Psychiatry, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tannock Rosemary Neurosciences and Mental Health Research Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bölte Sven Paediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Springer Berlin Heidelberg 24/12(2015-12-01), 1509-1521 1018-8827 24:12<1509 2015 24 787