caa a22 4500 605479682 CHVBK 20210128100411.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10544-015-9963-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10544-015-9963-8 Neutrophil migration under spatially-varying chemoattractant gradient profiles [Elektronische Daten] [Iris Halilovic, Jiandong Wu, Murray Alexander, Francis Lin] Chemotaxis plays an important role in biological processes such as cancer metastasis, embryogenesis, wound healing, and immune response. Neutrophils are the frontline defenders against invasion of foreign microorganisms into our bodies. To achieve this important immune function, a neutrophil can sense minute chemoattractant concentration differences across its cell body and effectively migrate toward the chemoattractant source. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated in various studies that neutrophils are highly sensitive to changes in the surrounding chemoattractant environments, suggesting the role of a chemotactic memory for processing the complex spatiotemporal chemical guiding signals. Using a microfluidic device, in the present study we characterized neutrophil migration under spatially varying profiles of interleukine-8 gradients, which consist of three spatially ordered regions of a shallow gradient, a steep gradient and a nearly saturated gradient. This design allowed us to examine how neutrophils migrate under different chemoattractant gradient profiles, and how the migratory response is affected when the cell moves from one gradient profile to another in a single experiment. Our results show robust neutrophil chemotaxis in the shallow and steep gradient, but not the saturated gradient. Furthermore, neutrophils display a transition from chemotaxis to flowtaxis when they migrate across the steep gradient interface, and the relative efficiency of this transition depends on the cell's chemotaxis history. Finally, some neutrophils were observed to adjust their morphology to different gradient profiles. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Microfluidic device nationallicence Chemokine gradient nationallicence Chemotaxis nationallicence Cell migration nationallicence Neutrophils nationallicence Halilovic Iris Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut Wu Jiandong Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut Alexander Murray Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, R3B 2E9, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut Lin Francis Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut Biomedical Microdevices Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 17/3(2015-06-01), 1-7 1387-2176 17:3<1 2015 17 10544 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9963-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9963-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Halilovic Iris Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Jiandong Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Alexander Murray Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, R3B 2E9, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lin Francis Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Winnipeg, MB, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Biomedical Microdevices Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 17/3(2015-06-01), 1-7 1387-2176 17:3<1 2015 17 10544