caa a22 4500 605479933 CHVBK 20210128100412.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10544-015-9983-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10544-015-9983-4 Clinical performance of a low cost near infrared sensor for continuous glucose monitoring applied with subcutaneous microdialysis [Elektronische Daten] [Lhoucine Ben Mohammadi, T. Klotzbuecher, S. Sigloch, K. Welzel, M. Goeddel, T. Pieber, L. Schaupp] In this work we present a low cost, minimally invasive, and chip-based near infrared (NIR) sensor, combined with subcutaneous microdialysis, for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). The sensor principle is based on difference absorption spectroscopy in the 1st overtone band known to be dominated by glucose-specific absorption features. The device comprises a multi-emitter LED and InGaAs-photodiodes, which are located on a single electronic board (non-disposable part), connected to a personal computer via Bluetooth. The disposable part consists of a chip containing the fluidic connections for microdialysis, two fluidic channels acting as optical transmission cells and total internally reflecting mirrors for in- and out-coupling of the light to the chip and to the detectors. The use of the sensor in conjunction with a subcutaneous microdialysis catheter to separate the glucose from the cells and proteins has been demonstrated to be extremely useful and advantageous for obtaining continuous glucose monitoring data and detecting glycemic levels in real time for a long period. Several in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to test the reliability of the device. In vitro measurements showed a linear relationship between glucose concentration and the integrated difference signal with a coefficient of determination of 99% at the physiological concentration range. Clinical trial on 6 subjects with Type 1 diabetes showed that the NIR-CGM sensor data reflects the blood reference values adequately, if a proper calibration and signal drift compensation is applied. The MARD (mean absolute relative difference) value taken on retrospective data over all subjects is 8.5% (range 6-11.5%). Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Continuous glucose monitoring nationallicence Near infrared difference spectroscopy nationallicence Subcutaneous microdialysis nationallicence Diabetes nationallicence Interstitial fluid nationallicence Ben Mohammadi Lhoucine Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut Klotzbuecher T. Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut Sigloch S. Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut Welzel K. Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut Goeddel M. Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut Pieber T. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria aut Schaupp L. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria aut Biomedical Microdevices Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 17/4(2015-08-01), 1-10 1387-2176 17:4<1 2015 17 10544 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9983-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9983-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ben Mohammadi Lhoucine Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Klotzbuecher T. Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sigloch S. Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Welzel K. Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Goeddel M. Department Medical Probes & Technical Sensors, Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129, Mainz, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pieber T. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schaupp L. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Biomedical Microdevices Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 17/4(2015-08-01), 1-10 1387-2176 17:4<1 2015 17 10544