caa a22 4500 605479992 CHVBK 20210128100412.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10544-015-9989-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10544-015-9989-y Microprocessor-based integration of microfluidic control for the implementation of automated sensor monitoring and multithreaded optimization algorithms [Elektronische Daten] [Elishai Ezra, Idan Maor, Danny Bavli, Itai Shalom, Gahl Levy, Sebastian Prill, Magnus Jaeger, Yaakov Nahmias] Microfluidic applications range from combinatorial synthesis to high throughput screening, with platforms integrating analog perfusion components, digitally controlled micro-valves and a range of sensors that demand a variety of communication protocols. Currently, discrete control units are used to regulate and monitor each component, resulting in scattered control interfaces that limit data integration and synchronization. Here, we present a microprocessor-based control unit, utilizing the MS Gadgeteer open framework that integrates all aspects of microfluidics through a high-current electronic circuit that supports and synchronizes digital and analog signals for perfusion components, pressure elements, and arbitrary sensor communication protocols using a plug-and-play interface. The control unit supports an integrated touch screen and TCP/IP interface that provides local and remote control of flow and data acquisition. To establish the ability of our control unit to integrate and synchronize complex microfluidic circuits we developed an equi-pressure combinatorial mixer. We demonstrate the generation of complex perfusion sequences, allowing the automated sampling, washing, and calibrating of an electrochemical lactate sensor continuously monitoring hepatocyte viability following exposure to the pesticide rotenone. Importantly, integration of an optical sensor allowed us to implement automated optimization protocols that require different computational challenges including: prioritized data structures in a genetic algorithm, distributed computational efforts in multiple-hill climbing searches and real-time realization of probabilistic models in simulated annealing. Our system offers a comprehensive solution for establishing optimization protocols and perfusion sequences in complex microfluidic circuits. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Microfluidics nationallicence Microprocessor nationallicence Optimization nationallicence Gadgeteer nationallicence Ezra Elishai Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut Maor Idan Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut Bavli Danny Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut Shalom Itai Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut Levy Gahl Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut Prill Sebastian Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103, Potsdam, Germany aut Jaeger Magnus Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103, Potsdam, Germany aut Nahmias Yaakov Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut Biomedical Microdevices Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 17/4(2015-08-01), 1-9 1387-2176 17:4<1 2015 17 10544 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9989-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-015-9989-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ezra Elishai Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Maor Idan Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bavli Danny Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shalom Itai Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Levy Gahl Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Prill Sebastian Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103, Potsdam, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jaeger Magnus Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (Fraunhofer IZI-BB), Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103, Potsdam, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nahmias Yaakov Grass Center for Bioengineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Biomedical Microdevices Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 17/4(2015-08-01), 1-9 1387-2176 17:4<1 2015 17 10544