caa a22 4500 605480605 CHVBK 20210128100416.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11099-015-0079-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11099-015-0079-4 Alkali tolerance in rice ( Oryza sativa L.): growth, photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, and ion homeostasis [Elektronische Daten] [H. Wang, X. Lin, S. Cao, Z. Wu] Alkali stress is an important agricultural problem that affects plant metabolism, specifically root physiology. In this study, using two rice cultivars differing in alkali resistance, we investigated the physiological and molecular responses of rice plants to alkali stress. Compared to the alkali-sensitive cultivar (SC), the alkali-tolerant cultivar (TC) maintained higher photosynthesis and root system activity under alkali stress. Correspondingly, the Na+ content in its shoots was much lower, and the contents of mineral ions (e.g., K+, NO3 −, and H2PO4 −) in its roots was higher than those of the SC. These data showed that the metabolic regulation of roots might play a central role in rice alkali tolerance. Gene expression differences between the cultivars were much greater in roots than in shoots. In roots, 46.5% (20 of 43) of selected genes indicated over fivefold expression differences between cultivars under alkali stress. The TC had higher root system activity that might protect shoots from Na+ injury and maintain normal metabolic processes. During adaptation of TC to alkali stress, OsSOS1 (salt overly sensitive protein 1) may mediate Na+ exclusion from shoots or roots. Under alkali stress, SC could accumulate Na+ up to toxic concentrations due to relatively low expression of OsSOS1 in shoots. It possibly harmed chloroplasts and influenced photorespiration processes, thus reducing NH4 + production from photorespiration. Under alkali stress, TC was able to maintain normal nitrogen metabolism, which might be important for resisting alkali stress. The Institute of Experimental Botany, 2015 citrate nationallicence gas exchange nationallicence gene expression regulation nationallicence germination rate nationallicence malate nationallicence Na+/K+ ratio nationallicence survival rate nationallicence AKT : low affinity K+ transporter nationallicence AS : asparagine synthetase nationallicence AST : alkali stress treatment nationallicence GDH : glutamate dehydrogenase nationallicence GOGAT : glutamate synthase nationallicence GS : glutamine synthetase nationallicence HAK : KUP/HAK/KT K+ transporter nationallicence HKT : high affinity K+ transporter nationallicence NHX : Na+/H+ exchanger nationallicence NiR : nitrite reductase nationallicence NR : nitrate reductase nationallicence OA : organic acid nationallicence P5CS : δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase nationallicence ProDH : proline dehydrogenase nationallicence SC : alkali-sensitive cultivar nationallicence SOS : salt overly sensitive nationallicence SST : salt stress treatment nationallicence TC : alkali-tolerant cultivar nationallicence Wang H. Department of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118, Changchun, Jilin Province, China aut Lin X. Rice Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130024, Changchun, China aut Cao S. Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China aut Wu Z. Department of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118, Changchun, Jilin Province, China aut Photosynthetica The Institute of Experimental Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences 53/1(2015-03-01), 55-65 0300-3604 53:1<55 2015 53 11099 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-015-0079-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-015-0079-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang H. Department of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118, Changchun, Jilin Province, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lin X. Rice Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130024, Changchun, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cao S. Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Z. Department of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, 130118, Changchun, Jilin Province, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Photosynthetica The Institute of Experimental Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences 53/1(2015-03-01), 55-65 0300-3604 53:1<55 2015 53 11099