caa a22 4500 605480796 CHVBK 20210128100417.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11099-015-0109-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11099-015-0109-2 Influence of foliar-applied salicylic acid on growth, gas-exchange characteristics, and chlorophyll fluorescence in citrus under saline conditions [Elektronische Daten] [D. Khoshbakht, M. Asgharei] Salicylic acid (SA) is a common, plant-produced signal molecule that is responsible for inducing tolerance to a number of biotic and abiotic stresses. Our experiment was therefore conducted to test whether the application of SA at various concentrations (0, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 mM) as a foliar spray would protect citrus seedlings (Valencia orange/Bakraii) subjected to salt stress (0, 25, 50, and 75 mM NaCl). Growth parameters, leaf chlorophyll (Chl) content, relative water content (RWC), maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), and gas-exchange variables were negatively affected by salinity. In addition, leaf electrolyte leakage (EL) and proline content increased by salinity treatments. Application of SA increased net photosynthetic rate and proline content in salt stressed plants and may have contributed to the enhanced growth parameters. SA treated plants had greater Chl content and RWC compared with untreated plants when exposed to salt stress. Fv/Fm ratio and stomatal conductance were also significantly higher in SA treated plants under saline stress conditions. SA application reduced EL compared to untreated plants, indicating possible protection of integrity of the cellular membrane. It appeared that the best ameliorative remedies of SA were obtained when Valencia orange/Bakraii seedlings were sprayed by 0.50 and 1.00 mM solutions. Overall, the adverse effects of salt stress could be alleviated by exogenous application of SA. The Institute of Experimental Botany, 2015 abscisic acid nationallicence electrical conductivity nationallicence leaf area nationallicence photosystem II nationallicence physiological parameters nationallicence ABA : abscisic acid nationallicence ACC : 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid nationallicence C a : atmospheric CO2 concentration nationallicence Chl : chlorophyll nationallicence DM : dry mass nationallicence EC : electrical conductivity nationallicence EL : electrolyte leakage nationallicence F0 : minimal fluorescence yield at the dark-adapted state nationallicence FM : fresh mass nationallicence Fm : maximal fluorescence yield at the dark-adapted state nationallicence Fv/Fm : maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII nationallicence g s : stomatal conductance nationallicence IAA : indole-3-acetic acid nationallicence LA : total leaf area nationallicence LN : number of leaves per plant nationallicence PC : proline content nationallicence P N : net photosynthetic rate nationallicence RH : relative humidity nationallicence ROS : reactive oxygen species nationallicence RWC : relative water content nationallicence S : salinity stress nationallicence SA : salicylic acid nationallicence TDM : total plant dry mass nationallicence TM : turgid mass nationallicence VOB : Valencia orange/Bakraii nationallicence Khoshbakht D. Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran aut Asgharei M. Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran aut Photosynthetica The Institute of Experimental Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences 53/3(2015-09-01), 410-418 0300-3604 53:3<410 2015 53 11099 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-015-0109-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-015-0109-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Khoshbakht D. Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Asgharei M. Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Urmia, West Azarbaijan, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Photosynthetica The Institute of Experimental Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences 53/3(2015-09-01), 410-418 0300-3604 53:3<410 2015 53 11099