caa a22 4500 605480869 CHVBK 20210128100417.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11099-015-0150-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11099-015-0150-1 Effects of Cd on photosynthesis and growth of safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes [Elektronische Daten] [L. Moradi, P. Ehsanzadeh] Heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) may affect different physiological functions in plants. We carried out a hydroponic experiment under greenhouse conditions in order to evaluate the effect of Cd on photosynthetic and physiological parameters of safflower. The responses of six safflower genotypes (Nebraska-10, 2811, Kouseh, S149, C111, and K12) to four concentrations of CdCl2 (0, 1.5, 3, and 4.5 mg L−1) were examined. Mean shoot and root dry masses of safflower plants were reduced by nearly 57% after the treatment by 4.5 mg(CdCl2) L−1. Contrary to the mean proline content, which increased by 121%, the mean total leaf area per plant, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance to the CO2, leaf chlorophyll a, b, and (a+b), carotenoid content, and quantum efficiency of PSII decreased by 84.4, 50.5, 50.0, 31.6, 32.2, 31.8, 32.9, and 11.2%, respectively, at the presence of 4.5 mg(CdCl2) L−1. The mean Cd concentration in shoots and roots of safflower genotypes exhibited 52- and 157-fold increase, respectively, due to the addition of 4.5 mg(CdCl2) L−1 to the growing media. The mean malondialdehyde content was enhanced by 110% with the increasing CdCl2 concentration, indicating the occurrence of a considerable lipid peroxidation in the plant tissues. Even though the membrane stability index was adversely affected by the application of 1.5 mg(CdCl2) L−1, the decrease ranged from 45 to 62% when plants were treated with 4.5 mg(CdCl2) L−1. Genotype Nebraska-10 seemed to be different from the remaining genotypes in response to the 4.5 mg(CdCl2) L−1; its net photosynthetic rate tended to be the greatest and the Cd concentration in shoots and roots was the lowest among genotypes studied. This study proved Cd-induced decline in growth, photosynthesis, and physiological functions of safflower. The Institute of Experimental Botany, 2015 cadmium nationallicence chlorophyll nationallicence gas exchange nationallicence lipid peroxidation nationallicence proline nationallicence C i : substomatal CO2 concentration nationallicence Cd : cadmium nationallicence Cd-S : Cd concentration in shoots nationallicence Cd-R : Cd concentration in roots nationallicence Chl : chlorophyll nationallicence CK : control nationallicence DMR : dry mass of roots nationallicence DMS : dry mass of shoots nationallicence F0 : minimum fluorescence nationallicence Fm : maximum fluorescence nationallicence Fv/Fm : maximal quantum efficiency of PSII nationallicence g s : stomatal conductance to the CO2 nationallicence LP : lipid peroxidation nationallicence MDA : malondialdehyde nationallicence MSI : membrane stability index nationallicence P N : net photosynthetic rate nationallicence ROS : reactive oxygen species nationallicence TBA : thiobarbituric acid nationallicence TBARS : thiobarbituric acid reactive substances nationallicence TCA : trichloroacetic acid nationallicence TLA : total leaf area per plant nationallicence Moradi L. College of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran aut Ehsanzadeh P. College of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran aut Photosynthetica The Institute of Experimental Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences 53/4(2015-12-01), 506-518 0300-3604 53:4<506 2015 53 11099 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-015-0150-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-015-0150-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Moradi L. College of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ehsanzadeh P. College of Agriculture, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Photosynthetica The Institute of Experimental Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences 53/4(2015-12-01), 506-518 0300-3604 53:4<506 2015 53 11099