caa a22 4500 605494592 CHVBK 20210128100526.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00261-015-0547-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00261-015-0547-0 The ability of 18F-choline PET/CT to identify local recurrence of prostate cancer [Elektronische Daten] [Laura Evangelista, Marino Cimitan, Marina Hodolič, Tanja Baseric, Jure Fettich, Eugenio Borsatti] Purpose: To determine when 18F-choline PET/CT can truly identify local recurrence of prostate cancer. Methods: 1031 patients from 3 European centers underwent 18F-choline PET/CT (FCH PET/CT) for recurrent disease; 131 subjects (12.7%) showed a positive FCH uptake in the prostatic gland or prostatic fossa. Median age was 72years (range 48-87years), and the median PSA level at the time of FCH PET/CT scan was 4.41ng/mL (0.22-18.13ng/mL). 45 patients (34.4%) had a Gleason score (GS) >7, and the residual subjects had a GS ≤7. The assessment of true or false-positive FCH PET/CT findings was made by magnetic resonance imaging (n=34) and/or biopsy in 75/131 cases. A χ 2 test and a Z Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to assess the correlation between clinical variables (age, PSA, GS, type of therapy) and FCH PET/CT findings. Results: FCH PET/CT resulted truly positive (TP) for recurrent disease in the prostatic gland/fossa in 59/75 patients (79%) and falsely positive (FP) in 16 subjects (21%). The median value of PSA at the time of FCH PET/CT scan was higher in TP as compared to FP, although not statistically significant (4.76 vs. 3.04ng/mL p>0.05). Similarly, median age, GS categories, and the type of therapy were similar between the two groups (p>0.05). However, when matching GS categories and PSA values, we found that the number of patients with TP findings were higher in the case of a PSA >2ng/mL, independently from the GS (ranging between 74% and 92%). Conversely, FP rate ranged between 50% and 65% in patients with a PSA ≤2ng/mL, especially in the case of GS ≤7, whereas FP was around 25% in those with a GS >7 and PSA >2ng/mL. Conclusions: FCH PET/CT has a limited role in evaluation of prostatic gland/fossa recurrence, due to the physiological biodistribution of the radiopharmaceutical agent. However, in 70-90% of patients with a PSA >2ng/mL, independently from GS, a focal FCH uptake is compatible with a true local recurrence. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Prostate cancer recurrence nationallicence 18F-choline PET/CT nationallicence False positive nationallicence True positive nationallicence Salvage treatments nationallicence Evangelista Laura Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35128, Padua, Italy aut Cimitan Marino Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute (CRO), Aviano, PN, Italy aut Hodolič Marina Nuclear Medicine Research Department, IASON, Graz, Austria aut Baseric Tanja Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute (CRO), Aviano, PN, Italy aut Fettich Jure Nuclear Medicine Department, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia aut Borsatti Eugenio Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute (CRO), Aviano, PN, Italy aut Abdominal Imaging Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 40/8(2015-10-01), 3230-3237 0942-8925 40:8<3230 2015 40 261 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0547-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-015-0547-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Evangelista Laura Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35128, Padua, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cimitan Marino Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute (CRO), Aviano, PN, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hodolič Marina Nuclear Medicine Research Department, IASON, Graz, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Baseric Tanja Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute (CRO), Aviano, PN, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Fettich Jure Nuclear Medicine Department, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Borsatti Eugenio Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS National Cancer Institute (CRO), Aviano, PN, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Abdominal Imaging Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 40/8(2015-10-01), 3230-3237 0942-8925 40:8<3230 2015 40 261