caa a22 4500 605502323 CHVBK 20210128100605.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00253-015-6595-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00253-015-6595-0 Compounds inhibiting the bioconversion of hydrothermally pretreated lignocellulose [Elektronische Daten] [Ja Ko, Youngsoon Um, Yong-Cheol Park, Jin-Ho Seo, Kyoung Kim] Hydrothermal pretreatment using liquid hot water, steam explosion, or dilute acids enhances the enzymatic digestibility of cellulose by altering the chemical and/or physical structures of lignocellulosic biomass. However, compounds that inhibit both enzymes and microbial activity, including lignin-derived phenolics, soluble sugars, furan aldehydes, and weak acids, are also generated during pretreatment. Insoluble lignin, which predominantly remains within the pretreated solids, also acts as a significant inhibitor of cellulases during hydrolysis of cellulose. Exposed lignin, which is modified to be more recalcitrant to enzymes during pretreatment, adsorbs cellulase nonproductively and reduces the availability of active cellulase for hydrolysis of cellulose. Similarly, lignin-derived phenolics inhibit or deactivate cellulase and β-glucosidase via irreversible binding or precipitation. Meanwhile, the performance of fermenting microorganisms is negatively affected by phenolics, sugar degradation products, and weak acids. This review describes the current knowledge regarding the contributions of inhibitors present in whole pretreatment slurries to the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and fermentation. Furthermore, we discuss various biological strategies to mitigate the effects of these inhibitors on enzymatic and microbial activity to improve the lignocellulose-to-biofuel process robustness. While the inhibitory effect of lignin on enzymes can be relieved through the use of lignin blockers and by genetically engineering the structure of lignin or of cellulase itself, soluble inhibitors, including phenolics, furan aldehydes, and weak acids, can be detoxified by microorganisms or laccase. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Lignocellulose nationallicence Hydrothermal pretreatment nationallicence Inhibitor nationallicence Lignin nationallicence Phenolics nationallicence Detoxification nationallicence Ko Ja Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 136-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut Um Youngsoon Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 136-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut Park Yong-Cheol Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, 136-702, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut Seo Jin-Ho Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, 151-921, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut Kim Kyoung Department of Biotechnology, Korea University Graduate School, 136-713, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 99/10(2015-05-01), 4201-4212 0175-7598 99:10<4201 2015 99 253 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6595-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6595-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ko Ja Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 136-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Um Youngsoon Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 136-791, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Park Yong-Cheol Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, 136-702, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Seo Jin-Ho Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, 151-921, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kim Kyoung Department of Biotechnology, Korea University Graduate School, 136-713, Seoul, Republic of Korea aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 99/10(2015-05-01), 4201-4212 0175-7598 99:10<4201 2015 99 253