caa a22 4500 60550251X CHVBK 20210128100606.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00253-015-6902-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00253-015-6902-9 Efficiency of hepatitis A virus removal in six sewage treatment plants from central Tunisia [Elektronische Daten] [Imen Ouardani, Carmen Manso, Mahjoub Aouni, Jesús Romalde] The efficiency of six Tunisian sewage treatment plants (STP) for the removal of hepatitis A virus (HAV) from wastewater was analysed in order to evaluate the potential risk for human health linked to reuse or discharge of treated wastewater into the environment. The STP utilize different biological wastewater treatments including primary treatment, which involves the physical removal of organic and inorganic solids, and secondary treatment that involves different processes, such as activated sludge or lagoon. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and conventional RT-PCR were used for the analysis of the 325 wastewater samples (163 raw and 162 treated) obtained. Results revealed highest contamination in west-central of Tunisia in raw wastewater with 62.96% of samples positive for HAV and predominance during winter and autumn, whereas east-central region showed 50.62% of positive samples with high prevalence from winter through summer. The quantitative analysis revealed a range between 4.29×101 and 1.24×105RNAcopies/mL in treated wastewater, showing clearly the inefficiency for total removal of HAV regardless of the treatment method used. The vast majority of HAV sequences belonged to the sub-genotype IA, except one that was assigned to sub-genotype IB. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Hepatitis A nationallicence Wastewater nationallicence Sewage treatment plants nationallicence qRT-PCR nationallicence Genotyping nationallicence Ouardani Imen Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives LR99ES27, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia aut Manso Carmen Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain aut Aouni Mahjoub Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives LR99ES27, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia aut Romalde Jesús Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain aut Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 99/24(2015-12-01), 10759-10769 0175-7598 99:24<10759 2015 99 253 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6902-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6902-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ouardani Imen Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives LR99ES27, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Manso Carmen Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Aouni Mahjoub Laboratoire des Maladies Transmissibles et Substances Biologiquement Actives LR99ES27, Faculté de Pharmacie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Avenue Avicenne, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Romalde Jesús Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, CIBUS-Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 99/24(2015-12-01), 10759-10769 0175-7598 99:24<10759 2015 99 253