caa a22 4500 605503370 CHVBK 20210128100610.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00253-015-6692-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00253-015-6692-0 Untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed changes in the composition of glycerolipids and phospholipids in Bacillus subtilis under 1-butanol stress [Elektronische Daten] [Nawaporn Vinayavekhin, Gumpanat Mahipant, Alisa Vangnai, Polkit Sangvanich] 1-Butanol has been utilized widely in industry and can be produced or transformed by microbes. However, current knowledge about the mechanisms of 1-butanol tolerance in bacteria remains quite limited. Here, we applied untargeted metabolomics to study Bacillus subtilis cells under 1-butanol stress and identified 55 and 37 ions with significantly increased and decreased levels, respectively. Using accurate mass determination, tandem mass spectra, and synthetic standards, 86% of these ions were characterized. The levels of phosphatidylethanolamine, diglucosyldiacylglycerol, and phosphatidylserine were found to be upregulated upon 1-butanol treatment, whereas those of diacylglycerol and lysyl phosphatidylglycerol were downregulated. Most lipids contained 15:0/15:0, 16:0/15:0, and 17:0/15:0 acyl chains, and all were mapped to membrane lipid biosynthetic pathways. Subsequent two-stage quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR analyses of genes in the two principal membrane lipid biosynthesis pathways revealed elevated levels of ywiE transcripts in the presence of 1-butanol and reduced expression levels of cdsA, pgsA, mprF, clsA, and yfnI transcripts. Thus, the gene transcript levels showed agreement with the metabolomics data. Lastly, the cell morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, which indicated that cells became almost twofold longer after 1.4% (v/v) 1-butanol stress for 12h. Overall, the studies uncovered changes in the composition of glycerolipids and phospholipids in B. subtilis under 1-butanol stress, emphasizing the power of untargeted metabolomics in the discovery of new biological insights. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Metabolomics nationallicence Bacillus subtilis nationallicence 1-Butanol tolerance nationallicence Glycerolipids nationallicence Phospholipids nationallicence Membrane lipids nationallicence Vinayavekhin Nawaporn Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand aut Mahipant Gumpanat Biological Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand aut Vangnai Alisa Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand aut Sangvanich Polkit Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand aut Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 99/14(2015-07-01), 5971-5983 0175-7598 99:14<5971 2015 99 253 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6692-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6692-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vinayavekhin Nawaporn Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mahipant Gumpanat Biological Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vangnai Alisa Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sangvanich Polkit Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 10330, Bangkok, Thailand aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 99/14(2015-07-01), 5971-5983 0175-7598 99:14<5971 2015 99 253