caa a22 4500 605504954 CHVBK 20210128100619.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00253-015-6882-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00253-015-6882-9 Selective elimination of bacterial faecal indicators in the Schmutzdecke of slow sand filtration columns [Elektronische Daten] [Kristina Pfannes, Kilian Langenbach, Giovanni Pilloni, Torben Stührmann, Kathrin Euringer, Tillmann Lueders, Thomas Neu, Jochen Müller, Matthias Kästner, Rainer Meckenstock] Slow sand filtration (SSF) is an effective low-tech water treatment method for pathogen and particle removal. Yet despite its application for centuries, it has been uncertain to which extent pathogenic microbes are removed by mechanical filtration or due to ecological interactions such as grazing and competition for nutrients. In this study, we quantified the removal of bacterial faecal indicators, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis, from secondary effluent of a wastewater treatment plant and analysed the microbial community composition in compartments of laboratory model SSF columns. The columns were packed with different sand grain sizes and eliminated 1.6-2.3 log units of faecal indicators, which translated into effluents of bathing water quality according to the EU directive (<500 colony forming units of E. coli per 100ml) for columns with small grain size. Most of that removal occurred in the upper filter area, the Schmutzdecke. Within that same zone, total bacterial numbers increased however, thus suggesting a specific elimination of the faecal indicators. The analysis of the microbial communities also revealed that some taxa were removed more from the wastewater than others. These results accentuate the contribution of biological mechanisms to water purification in SSF. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Wastewater reuse nationallicence Bacteria removal nationallicence Ecology of slow sand filtration nationallicence Schmutzdecke nationallicence Pfannes Kristina Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut Langenbach Kilian Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany aut Pilloni Giovanni Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut Stührmann Torben Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut Euringer Kathrin Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut Lueders Tillmann Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut Neu Thomas Department of River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Brückstr 3A, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany aut Müller Jochen Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany aut Kästner Matthias Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany aut Meckenstock Rainer Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 99/23(2015-12-01), 10323-10332 0175-7598 99:23<10323 2015 99 253 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6882-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6882-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pfannes Kristina Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Langenbach Kilian Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pilloni Giovanni Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stührmann Torben Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Euringer Kathrin Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lueders Tillmann Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Neu Thomas Department of River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Brückstr 3A, 39114, Magdeburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Müller Jochen Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kästner Matthias Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Meckenstock Rainer Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Groundwater Ecology, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 99/23(2015-12-01), 10323-10332 0175-7598 99:23<10323 2015 99 253