caa a22 4500 605513880 CHVBK 20210128100702.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00360-014-0873-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00360-014-0873-5 Electrocardiogram, heart movement and heart rate in the awake gecko ( Hemidactylus mabouia ) [Elektronische Daten] [Carina Germer, Juliana Tomaz, Ana Carvalho, Rosana Bassani, José Bassani] The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the simplest and most effective non-invasive method to assess the electrical activity of the heart and to obtain information on the heart rate (HR) and rhythm. Because information on the HR of very small reptiles (body mass <10g) is still scarce in the literature, in the present work we describe a procedure for recording the ECG in non-anesthetized geckos (Hemidactylus mabouia, Moreau de Jonnès, 1818) under different conditions, namely manual restraint (MR), spontaneous tonic immobility (TI), and in the non-restrained condition (NR). In the gecko ECG, the P, QRS and T waves were clearly distinguishable. The HR was 2.83±0.02Hz under MR, which was significantly greater (p<0.001) than the HR under the TI (1.65±0.09Hz) and NR (1.60±0.10Hz) conditions. Spontaneously beating isolated gecko hearts contracted at 0.84±0.03Hz. The in vitro beating rate was affected in a concentration-dependent fashion by adrenoceptor stimulation with noradrenaline, as well as by the muscarinic cholinergic agonist carbachol, which produced significant positive and negative chronotropic effects, respectively (p<0.001). To our knowledge, this is the first report on the ECG morphology and HR values in geckos, particularly under TI. The methodology and instrumentation developed here are useful for non-invasive in vivo physiological and pharmacological studies in small reptiles without the need of physical restraint or anesthesia. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2014 Gecko nationallicence Small reptile nationallicence Heart rate nationallicence Electrocardiogram nationallicence ECG waves nationallicence BR : Beating rate nationallicence CCh : Carbachol nationallicence d V m /d t : Time derivative of Vm nationallicence ECG : Electrocardiogram nationallicence HM : Heart motion nationallicence HR : Heart rate nationallicence MR : Manual restraint nationallicence NA : Noradrenaline nationallicence NR : Non-restrained condition nationallicence s.e.m. : Standard error of the mean nationallicence TI : Spontaneous tonic immobility nationallicence Vm : Transmembrane potential nationallicence Germer Carina Centro de Engenharia Biomédica, UNICAMP, R. Alexander Fleming 163, Cid. Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-881, Campinas, SP, Brazil aut Tomaz Juliana Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil aut Carvalho Ana Centro Universitário Fundação Octávio Bastos (UNIFEOB), São João Da Boa Vista, SP, Brazil aut Bassani Rosana Centro de Engenharia Biomédica, UNICAMP, R. Alexander Fleming 163, Cid. Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-881, Campinas, SP, Brazil aut Bassani José Centro de Engenharia Biomédica, UNICAMP, R. Alexander Fleming 163, Cid. Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-881, Campinas, SP, Brazil aut Journal of Comparative Physiology B Springer Berlin Heidelberg 185/1(2015-01-01), 111-118 0174-1578 185:1<111 2015 185 360 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-014-0873-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-014-0873-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Germer Carina Centro de Engenharia Biomédica, UNICAMP, R. Alexander Fleming 163, Cid. Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-881, Campinas, SP, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tomaz Juliana Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Carvalho Ana Centro Universitário Fundação Octávio Bastos (UNIFEOB), São João Da Boa Vista, SP, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bassani Rosana Centro de Engenharia Biomédica, UNICAMP, R. Alexander Fleming 163, Cid. Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-881, Campinas, SP, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bassani José Centro de Engenharia Biomédica, UNICAMP, R. Alexander Fleming 163, Cid. Universitária Zeferino Vaz, 13083-881, Campinas, SP, Brazil aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Comparative Physiology B Springer Berlin Heidelberg 185/1(2015-01-01), 111-118 0174-1578 185:1<111 2015 185 360