caa a22 4500 605514011 CHVBK 20210128100702.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00360-015-0907-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00360-015-0907-7 Brown adipose tissue: physiological function and evolutionary significance [Elektronische Daten] [R. Oelkrug, E. Polymeropoulos, M. Jastroch] In modern eutherian (placental) mammals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) evolved as a specialized thermogenic organ that is responsible for adaptive non-shivering thermogenesis (NST). For NST, energy metabolism of BAT mitochondria is increased by activation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which dissipates the proton motive force as heat. Despite the presence of UCP1 orthologues prior to the divergence of teleost fish and mammalian lineages, UCP1's significance for thermogenic adipose tissue emerged at later evolutionary stages. Recent studies on the presence of BAT in metatherians (marsupials) and eutherians of the afrotherian clade provide novel insights into the evolution of adaptive NST in mammals. In particular studies on the ‘protoendothermic' lesser hedgehog tenrec (Afrotheria) suggest an evolutionary scenario linking BAT to the onset of eutherian endothermy. Here, we review the physiological function and distribution of BAT in an evolutionary context by focusing on the latest research on phylogenetically distinct species. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2015 Brown adipose tissue nationallicence Echinops telfairi nationallicence Evolution nationallicence Non-shivering thermogenesis nationallicence Protoendotherm nationallicence Uncoupling protein 1 nationallicence BAT : Brown adipose tissue nationallicence NST : Non-shivering thermogenesis nationallicence UCP1 : Uncoupling protein 1 nationallicence Oelkrug R. Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Straße 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany aut Polymeropoulos E. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Food Futures Flagship, GPO Box 1538, 7001, Hobart, TAS, Australia aut Jastroch M. Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany aut Journal of Comparative Physiology B Springer Berlin Heidelberg 185/6(2015-08-01), 587-606 0174-1578 185:6<587 2015 185 360 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-015-0907-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00360-015-0907-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oelkrug R. Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Straße 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Polymeropoulos E. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Food Futures Flagship, GPO Box 1538, 7001, Hobart, TAS, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jastroch M. Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Comparative Physiology B Springer Berlin Heidelberg 185/6(2015-08-01), 587-606 0174-1578 185:6<587 2015 185 360