caa a22 4500 605516529 CHVBK 20210128100714.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10533-015-0100-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10533-015-0100-9 Long-term snowpack manipulation promotes large loss of bioavailable nitrogen and phosphorus in a subalpine grassland [Elektronische Daten] [Y. Yano, E. Brookshire, J. Holsinger, T. Weaver] Nutrient retention in ecosystems requires synchrony between the supply of bioavailable nutrients released via mineralization and nutrient uptake by plants. Though disturbance and chronic nutrient loading are known to alter nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) dynamics and induce nutrient export, whether long-term shifts in climate affect source-sink synchrony, and ultimately primary productivity, remains uncertain. This is particularly true for snow-dominated ecosystems, which are naturally subject to lags between nutrient inputs and uptake. To address how climate change may affect nutrient source-sink synchrony we examined the impacts of deepened snowpack on N and P losses in a subalpine grassland in the Northern Rocky Mountains, USA, where we have experimentally increased snowpack depths by two- and four-times ambient snow for 45years. Long-term snow addition resulted in remarkably high levels of bioavailable-N leaching (up to 16kgha−1 year−1) that were 11-80 times higher than those under ambient snowpack. Estimated bioavailable-P losses also increased with snow addition, but to a lesser degree (up to 0.3kgha−1 year−1), indicating greater enhancement of N losses over P losses during snowmelt. Because these losses could not be explained by changes in nutrient inputs in snowpack or by changes in plant-soil turnover, our results suggest that high bioavailable-N leaching under deep snowpack originates not from a lack of N limitation of plant productivity, but rather from enhanced subnivean microbial processes followed by snowmelt leaching prior to the growing season. This is supported by reduced soil N pools in the snow treatments. Snow-dominated regions are projected to experience shifts in seasonal snowpack regime. These shifts may ultimately affect the stoichiometric balance between available N and P and future plant productivity. Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2015 Climate change nationallicence Grassland nationallicence Nitrogen cycle nationallicence Nutrient leaching nationallicence Phosphorus cycle nationallicence Snowmelt nationallicence Nutrient stoichiometry nationallicence BTL : Bangtail study area nationallicence DIN : Dissolved inorganic nitrogen nationallicence DON : Dissolved organic nitrogen nationallicence SWE : Snow-water equivalent nationallicence TDN : Total dissolved nitrogen nationallicence Yano Y. Department of Land, Resources & Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA aut Brookshire E. Department of Land, Resources & Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA aut Holsinger J. Department of Land, Resources & Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA aut Weaver T. Department of Ecology, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA aut Biogeochemistry Springer International Publishing 124/1-3(2015-05-01), 319-333 0168-2563 124:1-3<319 2015 124 10533 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0100-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0100-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yano Y. Department of Land, Resources & Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Brookshire E. Department of Land, Resources & Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Holsinger J. Department of Land, Resources & Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Weaver T. Department of Ecology, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Biogeochemistry Springer International Publishing 124/1-3(2015-05-01), 319-333 0168-2563 124:1-3<319 2015 124 10533