Chronic nitrogen fertilization and carbon sequestration in grassland soils: evidence of a microbial enzyme link
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| 024 | 7 | 0 | |a 10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5 |2 doi |
| 035 | |a (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5 | ||
| 245 | 0 | 0 | |a Chronic nitrogen fertilization and carbon sequestration in grassland soils: evidence of a microbial enzyme link |h [Elektronische Daten] |c [Valeria Cenini, Dario Fornara, Geoffrey McMullan, Nigel Ternan, Kate Lajtha, Michael Crawley] |
| 520 | 3 | |a Chronic nitrogen (N) fertilization can greatly affect soil carbon (C) sequestration by altering biochemical interactions between plant detritus and soil microbes. In lignin-rich forest soils, chronic N additions tend to increase soil C content partly by decreasing the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes. In cellulose-rich grassland soils it is not clear whether cellulose-degrading enzymes are also inhibited by N additions and what consequences this might have on changes in soil C content. Here we address whether chronic N fertilization has affected (1) the C content of light versus heavier soil fractions, and (2) the activity of four extracellular enzymes including the C-acquiring enzyme β-1,4-glucosidase (BG; necessary for cellulose hydrolysis). We found that 19years of chronic N-only addition to permanent grassland have significantly increased soil C sequestration in heavy but not in light soil density fractions, and this C accrual was associated with a significant increase (and not decrease) of BG activity. Chronic N fertilization may increase BG activity because greater N availability reduces root C:N ratios thus increasing microbial demand for C, which is met by C inputs from enhanced root C pools in N-only fertilized soils. However, BG activity and total root mass strongly decreased in high pH soils under the application of lime (i.e. CaCO3), which reduced the ability of these organo-mineral soils to gain more C per units of N added. Our study is the first to show a potential ‘enzyme link' between (1) long-term additions of inorganic N to grassland soils, and (2) the greater C content of organo-mineral soil fractions. Our new hypothesis is that the ‘enzyme link' occurs because (a) BG activity is stimulated by increased microbial C demand relative to N under chronic fertilization, and (b) increased BG activity causes more C from roots and from microbial metabolites to accumulate and stabilize into organo-mineral C fractions. We suggest that any combination of management practices that can influence the BG ‘enzyme link' will have far reaching implications for long-term C sequestration in grassland soils. | |
| 540 | |a The Author(s), 2015 | ||
| 690 | 7 | |a Extracellular enzyme activity |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a β-1,4-Glucosidase |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a Fertilization |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a Liming |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a Soil carbon sequestration |2 nationallicence | |
| 690 | 7 | |a Root C:N ratio |2 nationallicence | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Cenini |D Valeria |u Environmental Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, BT52 1SA, Coleraine, UK |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fornara |D Dario |u Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute, BT9 5PX, Belfast, UK |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a McMullan |D Geoffrey |u School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, BT52 1SA, Coleraine, UK |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ternan |D Nigel |u School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, BT52 1SA, Coleraine, UK |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lajtha |D Kate |u Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Oregon State University, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Crawley |D Michael |u Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, Berkshire, UK |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | |t Biogeochemistry |d Springer International Publishing |g 126/3(2015-12-01), 301-313 |x 0168-2563 |q 126:3<301 |1 2015 |2 126 |o 10533 | |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5 |q text/html |z Onlinezugriff via DOI |
| 898 | |a BK010053 |b XK010053 |c XK010000 | ||
| 900 | 7 | |a Metadata rights reserved |b Springer special CC-BY-NC licence |2 nationallicence | |
| 908 | |D 1 |a research-article |2 jats | ||
| 949 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |F NATIONALLICENCE |b NL-springer | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 856 |E 40 |u https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0157-5 |q text/html |z Onlinezugriff via DOI | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Cenini |D Valeria |u Environmental Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, BT52 1SA, Coleraine, UK |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Fornara |D Dario |u Agri-Food & Biosciences Institute, BT9 5PX, Belfast, UK |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a McMullan |D Geoffrey |u School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, BT52 1SA, Coleraine, UK |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Ternan |D Nigel |u School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, BT52 1SA, Coleraine, UK |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Lajtha |D Kate |u Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Oregon State University, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 700 |E 1- |a Crawley |D Michael |u Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, Berkshire, UK |4 aut | ||
| 950 | |B NATIONALLICENCE |P 773 |E 0- |t Biogeochemistry |d Springer International Publishing |g 126/3(2015-12-01), 301-313 |x 0168-2563 |q 126:3<301 |1 2015 |2 126 |o 10533 | ||