caa a22 4500 605517487 CHVBK 20210128100720.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20151101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10533-015-0152-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10533-015-0152-x The chemistry of some foliar litters and their sequential proximate analysis fractions [Elektronische Daten] [Caroline Preston, J. Trofymow] Proximate analysis (PA) is widely used to assess foliar, litter, and wood quality. The acid-unhydrolyzable residue (AUR) of PA, originally known as Klason lignin from wood analysis, is often assumed to be entirely lignin-derived, but the AUR of much plant material also includes contributions from condensed tannins (CT) and cutin or suberin. To improve understanding of chemical changes throughout the PA procedure, we characterized seven foliar litters and their sequential PA fractions (nonpolar and hot-water extracted, AUR). Changes in total C and N, extractable and insoluble CT (as detected by butanol/HCl hydrolysis), δ13C values and solid-state 13C NMR spectra were consistent with loss of carbohydrates and protein after acid hydrolysis, and support previous studies that the AUR residue includes lignin, cutin and CT, all of which are depleted in δ13C. Hot-water extraction removed the bulk of extractable plus insoluble CT. Only trace levels were detected in the AUR, although 13C NMR shows that these are likely underestimates. The assumption of lignin-AUR equivalence still causes misinterpretation of PA results for many sample categories. It is time for the scientific community to limit use of "lignin” to chemically meaningful contexts? @Her Majesty the Queen in Righ of Canada, 2015 Condensed tannins nationallicence Litter decomposition nationallicence C-13 CPMAS NMR nationallicence Proximate analysis nationallicence δ13C nationallicence AUR : Acid unhydrolyzable residue nationallicence CP : Cross polarization nationallicence CT : Condensed tannin nationallicence DD : Dipolar dephasing nationallicence MAS : Magic-angle spinning nationallicence NMR : Nuclear magnetic resonance nationallicence NPR : Residue after nonpolar (dichloromethane) extraction nationallicence PA : Proximate analysis nationallicence TP : Total phenolics nationallicence SSB : Spinning sidebands nationallicence TOSS : Total suppression of sidebands nationallicence WSR : Residue after dichloromethane and hot water extraction nationallicence %REM : Percent remaining nationallicence Preston Caroline Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 W. Burnside Rd., V8Z 1M5, Victoria, BC, Canada aut Trofymow J. Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 W. Burnside Rd., V8Z 1M5, Victoria, BC, Canada aut Biogeochemistry Springer International Publishing 126/1-2(2015-11-01), 197-209 0168-2563 126:1-2<197 2015 126 10533 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0152-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-015-0152-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Preston Caroline Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 W. Burnside Rd., V8Z 1M5, Victoria, BC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Trofymow J. Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 W. Burnside Rd., V8Z 1M5, Victoria, BC, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Biogeochemistry Springer International Publishing 126/1-2(2015-11-01), 197-209 0168-2563 126:1-2<197 2015 126 10533