caa a22 4500 605520623 CHVBK 20210128100736.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00223-015-9978-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00223-015-9978-4 Fragility of Bone Material Controlled by Internal Interfaces [Elektronische Daten] [Wolfgang Wagermaier, Klaus Klaushofer, Peter Fratzl] Bone material is built in a complex multiscale arrangement of mineralized collagen fibrils containing water, proteoglycans and some noncollagenous proteins. This organization is not static as bone is constantly remodeled and thus able to repair damaged tissue and adapt to the loading situation. In preventing fractures, the most important mechanical property is toughness, which is the ability to absorb impact energy without reaching complete failure. There is no simple explanation for the origin of the toughness of bone material, and this property depends in a complex way on the internal architecture of the material on all scales from nanometers to millimeters. Hence, fragility may have different mechanical origins, depending on which toughening mechanism is not working properly. This article reviews the toughening mechanisms described for bone material and attempts to put them in a clinical context, with the hope that future analysis of bone fragility may be guided by this collection of possible mechanistic origins. The Author(s), 2015 Bone fragility nationallicence Collagen nationallicence Bone mineral nationallicence Osteoporosis nationallicence Bone material quality nationallicence Wagermaier Wolfgang Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424, Potsdam, Germany aut Klaushofer Klaus First Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, Heinrich Collin Str. 30, 1140, Vienna, Austria aut Fratzl Peter Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424, Potsdam, Germany aut Calcified Tissue International Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 97/3(2015-09-01), 201-212 0171-967X 97:3<201 2015 97 223 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9978-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9978-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wagermaier Wolfgang Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424, Potsdam, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Klaushofer Klaus First Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of WGKK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, Heinrich Collin Str. 30, 1140, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Fratzl Peter Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Research Campus Golm, 14424, Potsdam, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Calcified Tissue International Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 97/3(2015-09-01), 201-212 0171-967X 97:3<201 2015 97 223