caa a22 4500 605520674 CHVBK 20210128100736.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00223-015-9997-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00223-015-9997-1 Bone Material Properties and Skeletal Fragility [Elektronische Daten] [David Fyhrie, Blaine Christiansen] Deformations of vertebrae and sudden fractures of long bones caused by essentially normal loading are a characteristic problem in osteoporosis. If the loading is normal, then the explanation for and prediction of unexpected bone failure lies in understanding the mechanical properties of the whole bone—which come from its internal and external geometry, the mechanical properties of the hard tissue, and from how well the tissue repairs damage. Modern QCT and MRI imaging systems can measure the geometry of the mineralized tissue quite well in vivo—leaving the mechanical properties of the hard tissue and the ability of bone to repair damage as important unknown factors in predicting fractures. This review explains which material properties must be measured to understand why some bones fail unexpectedly despite our current ability to determine bone geometry and bone mineral content in vivo. Examples of how to measure the important mechanical properties are presented along with some analysis of potential drawbacks of each method. Particular attention is given to methods useful to characterize the loss of bone toughness caused by mechanical fatigue, drug side effects, and damage to the bone matrix. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2015 Bone nationallicence Quality nationallicence Strength nationallicence Stiffness nationallicence Modulus nationallicence Mechanical test nationallicence Fyhrie David Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, 4635 2nd Ave, Suite 2000, 95817, Sacramento, CA, USA aut Christiansen Blaine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, 4635 2nd Ave, Suite 2000, 95817, Sacramento, CA, USA aut Calcified Tissue International Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 97/3(2015-09-01), 213-228 0171-967X 97:3<213 2015 97 223 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9997-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9997-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Fyhrie David Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, 4635 2nd Ave, Suite 2000, 95817, Sacramento, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Christiansen Blaine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, 4635 2nd Ave, Suite 2000, 95817, Sacramento, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Calcified Tissue International Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 97/3(2015-09-01), 213-228 0171-967X 97:3<213 2015 97 223