caa a22 4500 605520933 CHVBK 20210128100737.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00223-015-9992-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00223-015-9992-6 Involuntary Wheel Running Improves but Does Not Fully Reverse the Deterioration of Bone Structure of Obese Rats Despite Decreasing Adiposity [Elektronische Daten] [Jay Cao, Matthew Picklo Sr.] This study investigated whether exercise or antioxidant supplementation with vitamin C and E during exercise affects bone structure and markers of bone metabolism in obese rat. Sprague-Dawley rats, 6-week old, were fed a normal-fat diet (NF, 10% kcal as fat) and a high-fat diet (HF, 45% with extra fat from lard) ad libitum for 14weeks. Then, rats on the high-fat diet were assigned randomly to three treatment groups for additional 12weeks with forced exercise: HF; HF+exercise (HF+Ex); and HF with vitamin C (0.5g ascorbate/kg diet) and vitamin E (0.4g α-tocopherol acetate/kg diet) supplementation+exercise (HF+Ex+VCE). At the end of the study, body weight and fat (%) were similar among NF, HF+Ex, and HF+Ex+VCE, whereas HF had greater body weight and fat (%) than other groups. Compared to NF, HF had elevated serum leptin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and IGF-1; increased trabecular separation and structural model index; and lowered bone mineral density, trabecular connectivity density, and trabecular number in distal femur, while HF+Ex and HF+Ex+VCE had elevated serum TRAP and decreased bone volume/total volume and trabecular number of distal femurs. Compared to HF, HF+Ex and HF+Ex+VCE had decreased serum TRAP and osteocalcin and improved bone structural properties of the distal femur. These findings suggest that exercise, while decreasing body fat, does not fully protect against the negative skeletal effects of existing obesity induced by a high-fat diet. Furthermore, vitamin C and E supplementation has no additional benefits on bone structural properties during exercise. Springer Science+Business Media New York (outside the USA), 2015 Antioxidant nationallicence Bone nationallicence Exercise nationallicence High fat nationallicence Vitamin C and E nationallicence µCT : Micro-computerized tomography nationallicence BMD : Bone mineral density nationallicence BS/BV : Bone surface/bone volume nationallicence BV : Bone volume nationallicence Conn.Dn : Connectivity density nationallicence C.Ar : Cortical area nationallicence C.Th : Cortical thickness nationallicence HF : High-fat diet (45% kcal as fat) nationallicence HF+Ex : High-fat diet with exercise nationallicence HF+Ex+VCE : HF diet+exercise+supplementation of vitamin C (0.5gl-ascorbate/kg diet) and E (0.4g d-α-tocopheral acetate/kg diet) nationallicence NF : Normal-fat diet (10% kcal as fat) nationallicence IGF-1 : Insulin-like growth factor 1 nationallicence OPG : Osteoprotegerin nationallicence RANK : Receptor activator nuclear factor-κB nationallicence RANKL : RANK ligand nationallicence SMI : Structure model index nationallicence T.Ar : Total area nationallicence Tb.N : Trabecular number nationallicence Tb.Sp : Trabecular separation nationallicence Tb.Th : Trabecular thickness nationallicence TRAP : Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase nationallicence TV : Tissue volume nationallicence Cao Jay Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 2420 2nd Ave N, 58202-9034, Grand Forks, ND, USA aut Picklo Sr. Matthew Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 2420 2nd Ave N, 58202-9034, Grand Forks, ND, USA aut Calcified Tissue International Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 97/2(2015-08-01), 145-155 0171-967X 97:2<145 2015 97 223 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9992-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-015-9992-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cao Jay Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 2420 2nd Ave N, 58202-9034, Grand Forks, ND, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Picklo Sr Matthew Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, 2420 2nd Ave N, 58202-9034, Grand Forks, ND, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Calcified Tissue International Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 97/2(2015-08-01), 145-155 0171-967X 97:2<145 2015 97 223